Devoted fans release more cortisol when watching live soccer matches
Devoted fans release more cortisol when watching live soccer matches
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DOI：
10.1002/smi.2924
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发表时间：
2020-02-05
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Whitehouse, Harvey
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Newson, Martha;Shiramizu, Victor;Whitehouse, Harvey
为什么一些体育迷在观看现场比赛时会感受到强烈的情绪？身份融合是一种强大的群体结盟形式，其中个人和群体身份被协同激活，以产生与团队的本能感觉。在这里，我们研究了融合(使用具有高内部效度的三项状态测量)在提高观看足球比赛时唾液皮质醇水平方面的作用(n=41)。我们的证据是在2014年巴西纳塔尔sFIFA世界杯期间在现场实验室收集的，现场播放了两场巴西胜利(哥伦比亚2-1；智利1-1点球)，以及历史性的半决赛输给德国(1-7)。我们重复了之前的研究，这些研究表明，唾液皮质醇浓度在现场足球比赛期间会波动，并与群体成员身份有关，但我们也扩大了研究范围，表明身份融合与皮质醇浓度的相关性甚至比身份认同更强。我们发现比赛结果和皮质醇之间存在相互作用，因此观看失利，即烦躁不安，与皮质醇浓度特别高有关。虽然女性比男性更融入球队，但没有其他性别影响。综上所述，这些发现表明，身份融合调节生理反应，导致在应激事件中不同的心理生理特征。
Why do some sports fans experience intense emotions when watching live matches? Identity fusion is a strong form of group alignment in which personal and group identities are activated synergistically to produce a visceral sense of 'oneness' with one's team. Here we examine the role of fusion (using a three-item state measure with high internal validity) in elevating salivary cortisol levels while watching football (n = 41). Our evidence was gathered at field laboratories during the 2014 sFIFA World Cup in Natal, Brazil, with live screenings of two Brazilian victories (Colombia, 2-1; Chile, 1-1 with penalties), and the historic semi-final loss to Germany (1-7). We replicated previous studies showing that salivary cortisol concentrations fluctuate during live football events and are related to group membershipbut we also extended them by showing that identity fusion is even more strongly related to cortisol concentrations than identification. We found an interaction between match outcome and cortisol, such that watching a loss, i.e. dysphoria, was associated with particularly high cortisol concentrations. While women were more fused to the team than men, there were no other gender effects. Taken together, these findings suggest that identity fusion modulates physiological reactivity, resulting in distinct psycho-physiological profiles during stressful events.