Acute effects of cannabis on breath-holding duration.
Acute effects of cannabis on breath-holding duration.
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DOI：
10.1037/pha0000075
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发表时间：
2016-08
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Metrik J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Farris SG;Metrik J
痛苦不耐症（个体感知或实际无法忍受痛苦的心理或生理状态）与大麻使用有关。目前尚不清楚痛苦不耐受的生物行为指数，屏气时间是否受到大麻的严重影响（增加或减少）。这些信息可进一步增进对大麻使用后心理或生理痛苦表现的了解。这项受试者内研究检测了与安慰剂相比，吸食含有2.7 - 3.0% δ -9-四氢大麻酚（THC）的大麻是否会急剧改变屏气时间。参与者（n = 88； 65.9%为男性）是在两个独立的研究日吸食安慰剂或活性四氢大麻酚香烟并完成屏气任务的非治疗寻求频繁大麻使用者。控制基线屏气时间和参与者性别，THC产生的屏气时间明显低于安慰剂。药物给药与大麻使用频率之间存在显著的相互作用，因此四氢大麻酚减少了吸食频率较低者的屏气时间，而在吸食频率较高者中则没有。研究结果表明，大麻可能会加剧痛苦不耐受（通过屏气时间）。与不经常使用大麻的人相比，经常使用大麻的人对大麻的急性影响表现出耐受性，包括在屏住呼吸时耐受呼吸窘迫的能力增强。痛苦不耐受的客观测量对环境因素（如急性药物中毒）很敏感，并可能告知大麻使用与心理痛苦表达之间的联系。
Distress intolerance (an individual’s perceived or actual inability to tolerate distressing psychological or physiological states) is associated with cannabis use. It is unknown whether a bio-behavioral index of distress intolerance, breath-holding duration, is acutely influenced (increased or decreased) by cannabis. Such information may further inform understanding of the expression of psychological or physiological distress post-cannabis use. This within-subjects study examined whether smoked marijuana with 2.7–3.0 % delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), relative to placebo, acutely changed duration of breath-holding. Participants (n = 88; 65.9% male) were non-treatment seeking frequent cannabis users who smoked placebo or active THC cigarette on two separate study days and completed breath-holding task. Controlling for baseline breath-holding duration and participant sex, THC produced significantly lower breath-holding durations relative to placebo. There was a significant interaction of drug administration x frequency of cannabis use, such that THC decreased breath-holding time among less frequent but not among more frequent users. Findings indicate that cannabis may be exacerbating distress intolerance (via breath-holding duration). As compared to less frequent cannabis users, frequent users display tolerance to cannabis’ acute effects including increased ability to tolerate respiratory distress when holding breath. Objective measures of distress intolerance are sensitive to contextual factors such as acute drug intoxication, and may inform the link between cannabis use and the expression of psychological distress.