Artificial UV-B and solar radiation reduce in vitro infectivity of the human pathogen Cryptosporidium parvum
Artificial UV-B and solar radiation reduce in vitro infectivity of the human pathogen Cryptosporidium parvum
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DOI：
10.1021/es071324r
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发表时间：
2007-10-15
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
Jellison, Kristen L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Connelly, Sandra J.;Wolyniak, Elizabeth A.;Jellison, Kristen L.
太阳紫外线（UV）辐射作为一个显着的非生物控制隐孢子虫卵囊在自然界中的潜力是未知的。C.在控制pH值和温度条件下，对暴露于人工UV-B和天然太阳辐射（有和没有UV波长）后的小球藻进行了测试。通过体外细胞培养确定暴露卵囊的感染性百分比。32和66 kJ/m2的人工UV-B暴露显著降低卵囊感染性，平均分别为58%和98%。在仲夏，将卵囊暴露于全太阳光谱（所有波长）的一半和全部强度不到1天（10小时），平均感染性分别降低了67%和> 99.99%。暴露的C。在初秋，紫外线屏蔽的太阳辐射（>404 nm）使细小卵囊的平均感染性降低了52%，而全光谱太阳辐射（所有波长的暴露）使平均感染性降低了97%。这些数据提供了强有力的证据，表明暴露于自然太阳辐射可以显着降低C。小孢子的传染性自然界中太阳辐射对卵囊的直接影响取决于卵囊的深度分布、水的透明度、混合条件以及可能的其他环境因素，如温度、pH值和压力。
The potential for solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation to act as a significant abiotic control of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts in nature is unknown. Infectivity of C. parvum following exposure to artificial UV-B and natural solar radiation, with and without UV wavelengths, was tested under controlled pH and temperature conditions. Percent infectivity of exposed oocysts was determined by in vitro cell culture. Artificial UV-B exposures of 32 and 66 kJ/m(2) significantly decreased oocyst infectivity by an average of 58 and 98%, respectively. Exposure of oocysts to approximately half and full intensity of full solar spectrum (all wavelengths) for a period of less than 1 day (10 h) in mid-summer reduced mean infectivity by an average of 67% and >99.99%, respectively. Exposure of the C. parvum oocysts to UV-shielded solar radiation (>404 nm) in early autumn reduced mean infectivity by 52%, while full spectrum solar radiation (exposure at all wavelengths) reduced mean infectivity by 97%. The data provide strong evidence that exposure to natural solar radiation can significantly reduce C. parvum infectivity. Direct effects of solar radiation on oocysts in nature will depend on the depth distribution of the oocysts, water transparency, mixing conditions, and perhaps other environmental factors such as temperature, pH, and stress.