STRUCTURE OF A QUANTIZED VORTEX IN BOSON SYSTEMS
STRUCTURE OF A QUANTIZED VORTEX IN BOSON SYSTEMS
复制标题
DOI：
10.1007/bf02731494
复制
发表时间：
1961-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
GROSS, EP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
GROSS, EP
对于弱排斥玻色子系统，本文发展了一个基本线涡激发理论。涡旋状态的特征在于在整数角动量的单个粒子状态中存在有限部分的粒子。高度占据状态的径向依赖性来自自洽场方程。径向函数和相关联的粒子密度在任何地方基本上都是常数，除了在核心内部，它们下降到零。核心尺寸是与每个粒子的平均相互作用能相关的布罗意波长。速度的期望值具有经典涡旋的径向依赖性。在这个哈特里近似中，除涡线外，涡量处处为零.当状态的描述被细化到包括声子场的零点振荡时，涡度在核上展开。这些结果证实了OnsagerandFeynman的直觉论点。垂直于涡旋线运动的声子是相对于构成涡旋的运动粒子底层具有相等且相反角动量的相干激发。涡旋运动解决了Bogoljubov声子相对于方位角量子数的简并。
For a system of weakly repelling bosons, a theory of the elementary line vortex excitations is developed. The vortex state is characterised by the presence of a finite fraction of the particles in a single particle state of integer angular momentum. The radial dependence of the highly occupied state follows from a self-consistent field equation. The radial function and the associated particle density are essentially constant everywhere except inside a core, where they drop to zero. The core size is the de Broglie wavelength associated with the mean interaction energy per particle. The expectation value of the velocity has the radial dependence of a classical vortex. In this Hartree approximation the vorticity is zero everywhere except on the vortex line. When the description of the state is refined to include the zero point oscillations of the phonon field, the vorticity is spread out over the core. These results confirm in all essentials the intuitive arguments ofOnsagerandFeynman. The phonons moving perpendicular to the vortex line are coherent excitations of equal and opposite angular momentum relative to the substratum of moving particles that constitute the vortex. The vortex motion resolves the degeneracy of the Bogoljubov phonons with respect to the azimuthal quantum number.