Spatial point pattern analysis and its application in geographical epidemiology
Spatial point pattern analysis and its application in geographical epidemiology
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DOI：
10.2307/622936
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发表时间：
1996-01-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Rowlingson, BS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gatrell, AC;Bailey, TC;Rowlingson, BS
本文回顾了空间点模式探索和建模的多种方法，特别是地理流行病学（疾病的地理发病率）。这些方法远远超出了传统的“最近邻”和“样方”分析，这些分析在流行病学背景下几乎没有什么用处，因为它们无法考虑人口密度的空间变化。如果目的是评估疾病病例“聚集”的证据，则必须对此进行纠正。我们研究了探索疾病风险、空间和时空聚类的空间变化的方法，并考虑了对可疑点污染源周围疾病发病率上升进行建模的方法。所有方法均参考最近的案例研究进行说明，包括儿童癌症发病率、伯基特淋巴瘤、喉癌和儿童哮喘。附录考虑了应用这些方法的一系列可能的软件环境。讨论了与现代地理信息系统的联系。
This paper reviews a number of methods for the exploration and modelling of spatial point patterns with particular reference to geographical epidemiology (the geographical incidence of disease). Such methods go well beyond the conventional 'nearest-neighbour' and 'quadrat' analyses which have little to offer in an epidemiological context because they fail to allow for spatial variation in population density. Correction for this is essential if the aim is to assess the evidence for 'clustering' of cases of disease. We examine methods for exploring spatial variation in disease risk, spatial and space-time clustering, and we consider methods for modelling the raised incidence of disease around suspected point sources of pollution. All methods are illustrated by reference to recent case studies including child cancer incidence, Burkitt's lymphoma, cancer of the larynx and childhood asthma. An Appendix considers a range of possible software environments within which to apply these methods. The links to modern geographical information systems are discussed.