Rapid growth in nitrogen dioxide pollution over Western China, 2005-2013
Rapid growth in nitrogen dioxide pollution over Western China, 2005-2013
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DOI：
10.5194/acp-16-6207-2016
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发表时间：
2016-01-01
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
Huang, Bo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Cui, Yuanzheng;Lin, Jintai;Huang, Bo
自1999年国家实施西部大开发战略（“西部大开发”运动）以来，中国西部经历了快速的工业化和城市化。这种转变影响了二氧化氮（NO2）污染的时空特征。利用小波分析方法，对2005 - 2013年中国西部地区对流层NO2垂直柱密度（VCD）的变化趋势进行了分析。我们专注于人为NO2减去特定区域的“背景”值占主导地位的自然源。在去除背景影响后，我们发现2005 - 2013年中国西部地区人为NO2显著增长（相对于2005年，平均为8.6aEuro-+/- aEuro-0.9aEuro-% aEuro-yr（-1）），其中部分城市群的增幅最大（15 aEuro-% aEuro-yr（-1）或更多）。2005 - 2011年，大部分省级区域NO2污染呈快速上升趋势，但之后趋于稳定或下降。NO2的趋势主要是由人为排放量的变化驱动的，嵌套的GEOS-Chem模型模拟和与中国官方排放统计数据的比较证实了这一点。2005-2013年西北地区NO2年增长率为11.3aEuro-+/- aEuro-1.0aEuro-% aEuro-yr（-1），超过了西南地区（5.9aEuro-+/- aEuro-0.6aEuro-% aEuro-yr（-1））和东部三个著名污染区（京津冀地区5.3aEuro-+/- aEuro-0.8aEuro-% aEuro-yr（-1），长三角地区4.0aEuro-+/- aEuro-0.6aEuro-% aEuro-yr（-1），珠三角地区-3.3aEuro-+/- aEuro-0.3aEuro-% aEuro-yr（-1））。随后的社会经济分析表明，中国西北地区NO2的快速增长可能与快速发展的资源和污染密集型产业沿着“西部大开发”运动以及相对薄弱的排放控制有关。西部地区要实现可持续发展，必须进一步减轻NOx污染。
Western China has experienced rapid industrialization and urbanization since the implementation of the National Western Development Strategies (the 'Go West' movement) in 1999. This transition has affected the spatial and temporal characteristics of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) pollution. In this study, we analyze the trends and variability of tropospheric NO2 vertical column densities (VCDs) from 2005 to 2013 over Western China, based on a wavelet analysis on monthly mean NO2 data derived from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) measurements. We focus on the anthropogenic NO2 by subtracting region-specific 'background' values dominated by natural sources. After removing the background influences, we find significant anthropogenic NO2 growth over Western China between 2005 and 2013 (8.6aEuro-+/- aEuro-0.9aEuro-%aEuro-yr(-1) on average, relative to 2005), with the largest increments (15aEuro-%aEuro-yr(-1) or more) over parts of several city clusters. The NO2 pollution in most provincial-level regions rose rapidly from 2005 to 2011 but stabilized or declined afterwards. The NO2 trends were driven mainly by changes in anthropogenic emissions, as confirmed by a nested GEOS-Chem model simulation and a comparison with Chinese official emission statistics. The rate of NO2 growth during 2005-2013 reaches 11.3aEuro-+/- aEuro-1.0aEuro-%aEuro-yr(-1) over Northwestern China, exceeding the rates over Southwestern China (5.9aEuro-+/- aEuro-0.6aEuro-%aEuro-yr(-1)) and the three well-known polluted regions in the east (5.3aEuro-+/- aEuro-0.8aEuro-%aEuro-yr(-1) over Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, 4.0aEuro-+/- aEuro-0.6aEuro-%aEuro-yr(-1) over the Yangtze River Delta, and -3.3aEuro-+/- aEuro-0.3aEuro-%aEuro-yr(-1) over the Pearl River Delta). Subsequent socioeconomic analyses suggest that the rapid NO2 growth over Northwestern China is likely related to the fast developing resource- and pollution-intensive industries along with the 'Go West' movement as well as relatively weak emission controls. Further efforts should be made to alleviate NOx pollution to achieve sustainable development in Western China.