Vector Potential Versus Field Intensity
Vector Potential Versus Field Intensity
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矢量势与场强度
DOI：
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发表时间：
1973
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Z. Fried
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Z. Fried
本文讨论了原子级宽度公式中规范不变性的明显故障。具体来说，表明在兰姆位移测量分析中使用了 $frac{stackrel{ensuremath{
ightarrow}}{mathrm{p}}ifmmodecdotelse extperiodcenteredfi{}stackrel{ensuremath{
ightarrow}}{mathrm{A}}}{(mc)}$ 和 $stackrel{ensuremath{
ightarrow}}{mathrm{E}}ifmmodecdotelse extperiodcenteredfi{}stackrel{ensuremath{
ightarrow}}{mathrm{r}}$ 形式的相互作用对于共振曲线的形状和线中心的相同位置产生几乎相同的结果。这是通过将所有中间态的贡献添加到基本三能级共振公式中来实现的。而$stackrel{ensuremath{中这些中间状态的贡献
ightarrow}}{mathrm{E}}ifmmodecdotelse extperiodcenteredfi{}stackrel{ensuremath{
ightarrow}}{mathrm{r}}$语言可以忽略不计，但当$stackrel{ensuremath{
ightarrow}}{mathrm{p}}ifmmodecdotelse extperiodcenteredfi{}stackrel{ensuremath{
使用 ightarrow}}{mathrm{A}}(mc)$ 形式的交互。尽管这个特定的示例表明使用 $stackrel{ensuremath{
ightarrow}}{mathrm{E}}ifmmodecdotelse extperiodcenteredfi{}stackrel{ensuremath{
ightarrow}}{mathrm{r}}$ 形式的交互在计算上更简单，表明不允许对此效果进行一般性陈述。在原子目标的弹性光子散射的背景下提出了一个简单的反例。
This paper deals with the apparent breakdown of gauge invariance in atomic-level-width formulas. Specifically, it is shown that in the analysis of the measurement od the Lamb shift the use of the $frac{stackrel{ensuremath{
ightarrow}}{mathrm{p}}ifmmodecdotelse extperiodcenteredfi{}stackrel{ensuremath{
ightarrow}}{mathrm{A}}}{(mc)}$ and the $stackrel{ensuremath{
ightarrow}}{mathrm{E}}ifmmodecdotelse extperiodcenteredfi{}stackrel{ensuremath{
ightarrow}}{mathrm{r}}$ forms of the interaction yields almost identical results for the shape of the resonance curve and equal positions for the line center. This is achieved by adding the contribution of all intermediate states to the basic three-level resonance formula. While the contribution of these intermediate states in the $stackrel{ensuremath{
ightarrow}}{mathrm{E}}ifmmodecdotelse extperiodcenteredfi{}stackrel{ensuremath{
ightarrow}}{mathrm{r}}$ language is negligible, it is nevertheless significant when the $stackrel{ensuremath{
ightarrow}}{mathrm{p}}ifmmodecdotelse extperiodcenteredfi{}stackrel{ensuremath{
ightarrow}}{mathrm{A}}(mc)$ form of the interaction is used. Although this particular example would indicate that the use of the $stackrel{ensuremath{
ightarrow}}{mathrm{E}}ifmmodecdotelse extperiodcenteredfi{}stackrel{ensuremath{
ightarrow}}{mathrm{r}}$ form of the interaction is computationally simpler, it is shown that no general statement to this effect is permissible. A simple counter example is presented within the context of elastic photon scattering off atomic targets.