Neuromuscular electrical stimulation training induces atypical adaptations of the human skeletal muscle phenotype: a functional and proteomic analysis
Neuromuscular electrical stimulation training induces atypical adaptations of the human skeletal muscle phenotype: a functional and proteomic analysis
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DOI：
10.1152/japplphysiol.00914.2010
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发表时间：
2011-02-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Bottinelli, Roberto
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gondin, Julien;Brocca, Lorenza;Bottinelli, Roberto
本研究的目的是确定神经肌肉电刺激（NMES）对人体骨骼肌神经肌肉特性的慢性效应。八名年轻健康男性受试者进行了25个会议的等距NMES的股四头肌在8周的时间。在训练前后从股外侧肌进行针吸活检。通过蛋白质组学分析评估的训练状态、肌球蛋白重链（MHC）亚型分布和整体蛋白质模式在基线时在受试者之间存在很大差异，并提示识别两个亚组：“活动”（ACT）组，进行定期运动，MHC谱较慢，和久坐（SED）组，不进行任何运动，MHC谱较快。两组在NMES后最大随意力和神经激活显著增加（分别为+类似于30%和+类似于10%）。1型和2型纤维都表现出明显的肌肉肥大。NMES后，两组均显示从MHC-2X向MHC-2A和MHC-1的显著转变，即，从快到慢的转变两组训练前后的蛋白质组图谱显示相似的500个点。差异表达的蛋白质进行了鉴定，并分为功能类别。最相关的变化涉及1）肌原纤维蛋白，其变化与快到慢的表型转变和细胞骨架的加强一致; 2）能量产生系统，其变化表明代谢谱中的糖酵解到氧化转变;和3）抗氧化防御系统，其变化表明细胞内对活性氧的防御增强。ACT和SED组的蛋白质模式的适应是不同的，但在两组中，都是两种抗性的典型特征（即，力量增加和肥大）和耐力（即，MHC和代谢谱的快速到缓慢转变）训练。这些训练引起的适应性变化可以归因于
The aim of the present study was to define the chronic effects of neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) on the neuromuscular properties of human skeletal muscle. Eight young healthy male subjects were subjected to 25 sessions of isometric NMES of the quadriceps muscle over an 8-wk period. Needle biopsies were taken from the vastus lateralis muscle before and after training. The training status, myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoform distribution, and global protein pattern, as assessed by proteomic analysis, widely varied among subjects at baseline and prompted the identification of two subgroups: an "active" (ACT) group, which performed regular exercise and had a slower MHC profile, and a sedentary (SED) group, which did not perform any exercise and had a faster MHC profile. Maximum voluntary force and neural activation significantly increased after NMES in both groups (+similar to 30% and +similar to 10%, respectively). Both type 1 and 2 fibers showed significant muscle hypertrophy. After NMES, both groups showed a significant shift from MHC-2X toward MHC-2A and MHC-1, i.e., a fast-to-slow transition. Proteomic maps showing similar to 500 spots were obtained before and after training in both groups. Differentially expressed proteins were identified and grouped into functional categories. The most relevant changes regarded 1) myofibrillar proteins, whose changes were consistent with a fast-to-slow phenotype shift and with a strengthening of the cytoskeleton; 2) energy production systems, whose changes indicated a glycolytic-to-oxidative shift in the metabolic profile; and 3) antioxidant defense systems, whose changes indicated an enhancement of intracellular defenses against reactive oxygen species. The adaptations in the protein pattern of the ACT and SED groups were different but were, in both groups, typical of both resistance (i.e., strength gains and hypertrophy) and endurance (i.e., a fast-to-slow shift in MHC and metabolic profile) training. These training-induced adaptations can be ascribed