Social pressure and voter turnout: Evidence from a large-scale field experiment
Social pressure and voter turnout: Evidence from a large-scale field experiment
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DOI：
10.1017/s000305540808009x
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发表时间：
2008-02-01
影响因子：
6.8
通讯作者：
Larimer, Christopher W.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gerber, Alan S.;Green, Donald P.;Larimer, Christopher W.
基于理性自利行为的投票率理论通常无法预测显著的投票率，除非它们考虑到公民从履行公民义务中获得的效用。我们区分了这类效用的两个方面，即按照规范行事的内在满足和遵从规范的外在激励，并测试了启动内在动机和施加不同程度的外在压力的效果。一项涉及数十万登记选民的大规模现场实验使用了一系列邮件来评估这些影响。在那些收到承诺向家人或邻居宣传投票结果的邮件的人中，投票率要高得多。这些发现表明，社会压力作为政治参与的诱因具有深远的重要性。
Voter turnout theories based on rational self-interested behavior generally fail to predict significant turnout unless they account for the utility that citizens receive from performing their civic duty. We distinguish between two aspects of this type of utility, intrinsic satisfaction from behaving in accordance with a norm and extrinsic incentives to comply, and test the effects of priming intrinsic motives and applying varying degrees of extrinsic pressure. A large-scale field experiment involving several hundred thousand registered voters used a series of mailings to gauge these effects. Substantially higher turnout was observed among those who received mailings promising to publicize their turnout to their household or their neighbors. These findings demonstrate the profound importance of social pressure as an inducement to political participation.