Epidemiology of Multiple Sclerosis: From Risk Factors to Prevention-An Update
Epidemiology of Multiple Sclerosis: From Risk Factors to Prevention-An Update
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DOI：
10.1055/s-0036-1579693
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发表时间：
2016-04-01
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Munger, Kassandra L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ascherio, Alberto;Munger, Kassandra L.
虽然遗传易感性解释了多发性硬化症（multiple sclerosis， MS）在家族内的聚集性以及随着遗传距离的增加风险急剧下降，但它不能完全解释MS发生频率的地理差异以及随着迁移而发生的风险变化，这支持了强环境因素的作用。其中，维生素D状况、早年肥胖、感染eb病毒和吸烟是MS风险最一致的环境预测因素。作者回顾了流行病学数据，批判性地讨论了这些和其他关联的因果关系的证据，并简要回顾了降低MS风险的干预措施的可能性。
Although genetic susceptibility explains the clustering of multiple sclerosis (MS) within families and the sharp decline in risk with increasing genetic distance, it cannot fully explain the geographical variations in MS frequency and the changes in risk that occur with migration, which support the action of strong environmental factors. Among these, vitamin D status, obesity in early life, infection with the Epstein-Barr virus, and cigarette smoking are the most consistent environmental predictors of MS risk. The authors review the epidemiological data, critically discuss the evidence for causality of these and other associations, and briefly review the possibility of interventions to reduce MS risk.