Industrial Policy and Automotive Development: A Comparative Study of Thailand and Czechia
Industrial Policy and Automotive Development: A Comparative Study of Thailand and Czechia
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产业政策与汽车发展：泰国和捷克的比较研究
DOI：
10.1080/15387216.2020.1836983
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Blazek Jiri and Otsuka Kozo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Natsuda Kaoru;Thoburn John;Blazek Jiri and Otsuka Kozo
本文通过对东南亚和中东欧最大的汽车生产国泰国和捷克的汽车发展进行比较，探讨了产业政策的有效性以及国家实施产业政策的能力。这两个国家的汽车工业发展主要依靠外国投资，尽管捷克在国内汽车发展方面有很长的历史。然而，这些国家采用了非常不同的产业政策。泰国实行了一系列纵向（针对具体部门）的产业政策，在国家干预下推行积极的产业发展战略，即使在世贸组织自2000年以来对贸易相关政策措施施加限制的情况下也继续这样做。相比之下，捷克共和国受欧盟限制的影响，主要采用横向（非特定部门）产业政策，国家干预较少。虽然这两个国家都实现了可观的产出和出口增长，但泰国拥有更深层次和更本土化的供应链。泰国在其产品倡导政策中富有想象力地使用了事实上的本地内容要求，这很有启发性。
This paper investigates the effectiveness of industrial policy, and the role of state capacity to implement it, by making a comparison of automotive development in Thailand and Czechia, the largest vehicle producers in Southeast Asia and Central and Eastern Europe, respectively. The development of the industry in both countries primarily relied on foreign investment, despite Czechia’s long earlier history of domestic automotive development. The countries, however, have used very different types of industrial policy. Thailand introduced a series ofvertical(sector-specific) industrial policies, pursuing a proactive industrial development strategy with state intervention, continuing even under the restrictions on trade-related policy measures imposed by the WTO since 2000. In contrast, Czechia has employed mostlyhorizontal(non-sector-specific) industrial policies with less state intervention, influenced by the restrictions of the European Union. Although both countries achieved considerable output and export growth, Thailand has a deeper and more locally owned supply chain. Thailand’s imaginative use ofde factolocal content requirements in connection with itsproduct championpolicy is instructive.