Salt appetite is enhanced by one prior episode of sodium depletion in the rat.
Salt appetite is enhanced by one prior episode of sodium depletion in the rat.
复制标题
大鼠先前发生的一次钠消耗会增强盐的食欲。
DOI：
10.1037//0735-7044.101.5.724
复制
发表时间：
1987
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Frankmann,SP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sakai,RR;Fine,WB;Epstein,AN;Frankmann,SP
一次钠缺乏会增强第二次和随后的钠缺乏后表现出的食盐量。盐摄入量的增加，通过减少饮用潜伏期和增加3%的氯化钠摄入量来衡量，并不是由于钠损失的增加。即使在第一次和第二次耗竭之间的间隔长达4个月时，也会出现盐摄入量增加的情况。盐的食欲增强并不依赖于动物第一次钠耗竭后的食盐摄入，并且是强烈的0.52M氯化钠的特异性，而不是0.52M氯化钾的特异性。此外，它可以通过大脑中的醛固酮和血管紧张素激素的作用而在没有钠耗竭的情况下产生。这些结果表明，在钠耗竭时释放的血管紧张素和醛固酮，(A)增加肾脏钠的保存，(B)唤起食盐欲望以恢复丢失的钠，以及(C)在大脑中产生持久的变化，为未来钠耗竭反应更快、更有力地表达食盐欲望做准备。因此，支配食盐胃口的神经机制不仅被钠保护激素激活，而且似乎也是由它们组织起来的，从而终身增加对咸味物质的亲和力。(心理信息数据库记录(C)2016 APA，版权所有)
A single sodium depletion enhances the salt appetite that is expressed after a second and subsequent sodium depletions. The enhanced salt intake, as measured by a decrease in latency to drink and an increase in volume of 3% NaCl ingested, is not accounted for by an increased sodium loss. The enhanced salt intake occurs even when the interval between first and second depletion is as long as 4 months. The enhanced salt appetite does not depend on the drinking of salt after the animal's first sodium depletion and is specific for strong 0.52 M NaCl but not for 0.52 M KCl. Moreover, it can be produced without sodium depletion by the actions of the hormones aldosterone and angiotensin on the brain. These results suggest that angiotensin and aldosterone, which are released in response to sodium depletion,(a) increase renal sodium conservation,(b) evoke a salt appetite to restore the lost sodium, and (c) produce enduring changes in the brain that prepare it for more rapid and more vigorous expression of salt appetite in response to future sodium depletions. Thus the neural mechanisms that govern salt appetite are not only activated by the hormones of sodium conservation but appear also to be organized by them for a lifelong increase in avidity for salty substances.(PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)