Development of attentional allocation in the dual task paradigm
Development of attentional allocation in the dual task paradigm
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2003.12.002
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发表时间：
2004-03-01
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Karatekin, C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Karatekin, C
自上而下的控制注意力进行了调查的双重任务，10岁的儿童（N = 15）和成人（N = 21）。任务是一个听觉数字广度（DS）和一个简单的视觉反应时间（RT）任务。在四种情况下，参与者都不执行（无任务），一个（DS或RT）或两个任务（双重）。因变量为DS准确性，RT和瞳孔扩张到数字作为估计的精神努力。儿童的行为和心理生理反应作为序列长度和刺激位置的函数一般与成人相似。瞳孔扩张与记忆负荷相关的函数斜率在两组中均呈线性增加，双瞳孔组比单纯双瞳孔组更浅，儿童组比成人组更浅。儿童的DS任务的行为结果开始偏离成人的任务要求从被动保留到主动排练，但儿童似乎并没有更努力地弥补较低水平的行为表现。综上所述，研究结果表明，虽然儿童以与成人相似的方式分配他们的注意力，但他们根据任务难度对注意力的自上而下的控制尚未完全成熟。(C)2003 Elsevier B.V.保留所有权利。
Top-down control over attention was investigated on a dual task in 10-year-olds (N = 15) and adults (N = 21). The tasks were an auditory digit span (DS) and a simple visual response time (RT) task. In four conditions, participants performed neither (no-task), one (DS or RT only) or both tasks (dual). Dependent variables were DS accuracy, RT and pupillary dilation to digits as an estimate of mental effort. Children's behavioral and psychophysiological responses as a function of sequence length and stimulus position were generally similar to those of adults. Slopes of the functions relating pupillary dilation to memory load were linear and increasing in both groups, shallower in dual than that in DS only and shallower in children than that in adults. Children's behavioral results on the DS task began to diverge from those of adults as task demands shifted from passive retention to active rehearsal, but the children did not appear to try harder to compensate for a lower level of behavioral performance. Taken together, the findings suggest that although children allocated their attention in a similar manner as adults, their top-down control over attention in accordance with task difficulty was not yet fully mature. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.