A 64x64-Pixels Digital Silicon Photomultiplier Direct TOF Sensor With 100-MPhotons/s/pixel Background Rejection and Imaging/Altimeter Mode With 0.14% Precision Up To 6 km for Spacecraft Navigation and Landing
A 64x64-Pixels Digital Silicon Photomultiplier Direct TOF Sensor With 100-MPhotons/s/pixel Background Rejection and Imaging/Altimeter Mode With 0.14% Precision Up To 6 km for Spacecraft Navigation and Landing
复制标题
DOI：
10.1109/jssc.2016.2623635
复制
发表时间：
2017-01-01
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Stoppa, David
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Perenzoni, Matteo;Perenzoni, Daniele;Stoppa, David
本文介绍了一种基于单光子雪崩二极管（SPAD）的64 × 64像素3-D成像仪，用于远程应用，如航天器导航和着陆。每个60 μ m的像素包括8个SPAD组合为一个数字硅光电倍增管，一个触发逻辑的光子时间相关性，一个250 ps的16-B时间-数字转换器，和一个强度计数器，总填充因子为26.5%。该传感器提供飞行时间和强度信息，即使背景强度高达100兆光子/秒/像素。传感器可以在成像（短距离，3-D图像）和高度计（长距离，单点）模式下工作，最大距离可达300米和6公里，
This paper describes a 64x64-pixel 3-D imager based on single-photon avalanche diodes (SPADs) for long-range applications, such as spacecraft navigation and landing. Each 60-mu m pixel includes eight SPADs combined as a digital silicon photomultiplier, a triggering logic for photons temporal correlation, a 250-ps 16-b time-to-digital converter, and an intensity counter, with an overall 26.5% fill factor. The sensor provides time-of-flight and intensity information even with a background intensity up to 100 MPhotons/s/pixel. The sensor can work in imaging (short range, 3-D image) and altimeter (long range, single point) modes, achieving up to 300-m and 6-km maximum distance with