Gut viruses firm the "Great Wall".
Gut viruses firm the "Great Wall".
复制标题
肠道病毒坚固了“长城”。
DOI：
10.1093/pcmedi/pbz027
复制
发表时间：
2019-12
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
Zhu S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wang A;Zhu S
新的证据表明，肠道病毒参与许多生理过程，对人类健康有害。最近发表在《自然免疫学》上的一项研究描述了肠道共生病毒的一种新功能，即维持肠道内的肠上皮内淋巴细胞（IEL）数量，以坚固“长城”，保护宿主免受病原体入侵1（图1）。肠道中生活着1013种细菌和1014种病毒。许多研究调查了共生细菌的组成及其生理和病理功能。然而，由于工具有限和缺乏关注，人们对共生病毒在肠道中的作用知之甚少。最近，新的证据表明共生病毒在肠道中也发挥着重要作用。 2003年，首次通过鸟枪法检测到肠道中约1200种病毒2。随后，宏基因组学研究揭示了微生物组中的一堆病毒成分3。测序研究的结果是，我们现在知道肠道病毒组由真核病毒、原核病毒和内源性逆转录病毒组成。
Emerging evidences shows that gut viruses are involved in many physiological processes and are detrimental to human health. A recent study published in Nature Immunology describes a novel function of intestinal commensal viruses, maintaining the intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) numbers in the intestine to firm the “great wall” to protect the host against the pathogen invasion 1 (Fig. 1).There are 1013 bacteria and 1014 viruses living in the gut. Numerous studies investigated the composition of commensal bacteria, and their physiological and pathological functions. However, little is known for the role of commensal viruses in the intestine because of limit tools and lack of attention. Recently, emerging evidences shows commensal viruses also play important roles in the intestine. In 2003, about 1200 types of viruses in gut were first detected by shotgun method 2. Subsequently, metagenomics studies have revealed a bunch of viral components in the microbiome 3. As the consequence of the sequencing studies, we now know the intestinal virome is composed of eukaryotic viruses, prokaryotic viruses and endogenous retroviruses.