Design of wireless sensor network based structural health monitoring systems
Design of wireless sensor network based structural health monitoring systems
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发表时间：
2006
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通讯作者：
R. Govindan;Krishna Chintalapudi
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作者：
R. Govindan;Krishna Chintalapudi
结构健康监测（SHM）是评估建筑物、桥梁和航空航天结构等结构完整性的科学。更具体地说，SHM系统致力于尽早检测和定位结构中的损伤。虽然SHM是一个成熟的研究领域，跨越了几十年和大量的文献，即使在今天，它仍然是一个活跃的研究领域。SHM令人信服的愿景是自动监测系统，连续监测结构数年，没有任何人为干预。目前，大多数自动化SHM系统本质上都是数据采集系统，需要很高的安装、维护和布线成本。已经提出，无线感测可以通过消除布线成本并显著减少安装和维护工作而潜在地带来成本的显著降低。自组织密集的无线传感器网络是廉价的，易于安装，可能会带来显着的好处，SHM系统。本论文探讨了在制作一个基于无线传感器网络的结构健康监测系统所涉及的各种问题。它首先检查的要求和SHM应用所施加的约束，并分析它们如何可能影响基于传感器网络的系统的设计。本文对现有的基于无线传感器网络的系统进行了概述，并提出了改进这些系统的方法。然后描述了NETSHM的设计、实施和部署，NETSHM是一种基于无线传感器网络的SHM系统，可以由SHM工程师进行编程，而无需深入研究底层传感器网络的复杂性。在能量受限的传感器网络平台中，无线通信是一种昂贵的商品，并且会显著影响网络的寿命。论文最后提出了新型的损伤检测和定位方法，这些方法专门设计用于通过利用传感器节点处的本地计算来最大限度地减少通信开销。
Structural health monitoring (SHM) is the science of assessing the integrity of structures such as buildings, bridges and aerospace structures. More specifically, SHM systems strive to detect and locate damage in structures as early as possible. While SHM is a mature area of research and spans several decades and an immense volume of literature, even today, it continues to be an active area of research. The compelling vision of SHM is automatic monitoring systems that continually monitor structures for several years without any human intervention. Most automated SHM systems today, are essentially data acquisition systems that incur high installation, maintenance and cabling cost. It has been suggested that wireless sensing can potentially bring about a dramatic reduction in cost by doing away with the cabling cost and bringing a significant reduction in installation and maintenance efforts. Self-organizing dense wireless sensor networks that are cheap and easy to install can potentially bring significant benefits to SHM systems. This thesis examines the various issues involved in crafting a wireless sensor network based system for structural health monitoring. It starts by examining the requirements and constraints imposed by SHM applications, and analyzing how they might influence the design of a sensor network based system. The thesis provides an overview of the existing wireless sensor network based systems and suggests methods of improving these systems. It then describes the design, implementation and deployment of NETSHM, a wireless sensor network based SHM system that can be programmed by SHM engineers without having to delve into the intricacies of the underlying sensor network. Wireless communication in energy constrained sensor network platforms is an expensive commodity and can significantly effect the longevity of the network. The thesis finally proposes novel damage detection and localization methods that are specifically designed to minimize the communication overhead by leveraging local computation at the sensor nodes.