Risk assessment for periodontal diseases.
Risk assessment for periodontal diseases.
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1875-595x.1997.tb00680.x
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发表时间：
1997-04
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
R. Page;J. Beck
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Page;J. Beck
牙周炎风险评估仍处于初级阶段。然而，存在足够数量的可靠信息，可以开始在牙科的日常实践中使用风险评估。本文的目的是总结现有的信息对牙周炎的风险的方式，是有用的从业人员。已确定的中度至重度牙周炎的风险包括吸烟、高龄、糖尿病和某些其他系统性疾病。这些包括骨质疏松症和艾滋病毒感染，以及辐射和免疫抑制药物等干扰正常宿主防御的情况，牙龈下菌群中的特定致病菌，微生物沉积和口腔卫生状况不佳，探诊时出血，既往疾病经历和严重程度，以及遗传。一些风险，如牙龈下菌群中的致病菌与疾病的病因密切相关，而其他风险，如探针时出血，可能表明未来疾病的风险增加，但目前尚不清楚是否与病因有关，还有一些风险，如年龄增长，可能是增加易感性的背景因素。虽然有些风险（如吸烟）可以通过改变来降低风险水平，但其他风险（如衰老）是不可改变的，无法改变，但需要在总体风险评估中加以考虑。牙周诊断、治疗计划和治疗的目标是最大限度地降低未来牙周恶化的风险。本文描述了实现这一目标的一种方法。
Assessment of risk for periodontitis is still in its infancy. Nevertheless, a sufficient amount of dependable information exists to begin using risk assessment in the day to day practice of dentistry. The purpose of this paper is to summarise existing information about risks for periodontitis in a manner that is useful to practitioners. Risks for moderate to severe periodontitis that have been identified include cigarette smoking, advancing age, diabetes mellitus and certain other systemic conditions. These include, osteoporosis and HIV infection and conditions such as irradiation and immunosuppressive drugs that interfere with normal host defences, specific pathogenic bacteria in the subgingival flora, microbial deposits and poor oral hygiene status, bleeding on probing, previous disease experience and severity, and inheritance. Some risks such as pathogenic bacteria in the subgingival flora are strongly linked to causation of the disease while others such as bleeding on probing may indicate enhanced risk for future disease but are not known to be involved in causation and still others such as advancing age may be background factors that enhance susceptibility. While some risks such as cigarette smoking can be modified to lower the level of risk, others such as ageing are immutable and cannot be modified but need to be considered in overall risk assessment. A goal of periodontal diagnosis, treatment planning and therapy is to lower risk for future periodontal deterioration to the maximal extent. One approach to achieving this goal is described.