Immigration and the Boundaries of Citizenship: The Institutions of Immigrants’ Political Transnationalism 1
Immigration and the Boundaries of Citizenship: The Institutions of Immigrants’ Political Transnationalism 1
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移民与公民身份的界限：移民政治跨国主义的制度 1
DOI：
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发表时间：
2000
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. Itzigsohn
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Itzigsohn
本文分析了当代移民跨国政治的产生及其制度结构。它提出了三个问题：（1）跨国政治是如何构成的？2)我们如何解释目前出现的跨国政治联系？3)谁参与和谁受益于政治跨国主义。文章重点介绍了多米尼加共和国、海地和萨尔瓦多的情况，认为它们都有一种跨国政治的体制模式，其中有三个主要行为体：原籍国的国家机器;原籍国的政党;以及接收国的移民组织。本文将这种跨国政治模式的兴起与原籍国保证汇款流动的需要、接收国对移民的组织以及民主政权中竞争性政治的巩固联系起来。虽然分析是基于拉丁美洲和加勒比国家的经验和他们在美国的移民，文章认为，这种制度模式可能超越这个特定的区域。
This article analyzes the emergence and the institutional structure of contemporary immigrants’ transnational politics. It poses three questions: 1) How is transnational politics structured? 2) How can we explain the current emergence of transnational political linkages? 3) Who participates and who benefits from political transnationalism. The article focuses on the cases of the Dominican Republic, Haiti and El Salvador and argues that they share an institutional pattern of transnational politics in which there are three main actors: the state apparatus of the country of origin; the political parties of the country of origin; and migrant organizations in the country of reception. The article links the rise of this pattern of transnational politics to the need of the states of origin to guarantee the flow of remittances, the organization of immigrants in the country of reception, and the consolidation of competitive politics in democratic regimes. Although the analysis is based on the experiences of Latin American and Caribbean countries and their emigrants in the United States, the article argues that this institutional pattern may transcend this particular region.