"LIVING HERE HAS CHANGED MY WHOLE PERSPECTIVE":HOW ESCAPING INNER-CITY POVERTY SHAPES NEIGHBORHOOD AND HOUSING CHOICE
"LIVING HERE HAS CHANGED MY WHOLE PERSPECTIVE":HOW ESCAPING INNER-CITY POVERTY SHAPES NEIGHBORHOOD AND HOUSING CHOICE
复制标题
DOI：
10.1002/pam.21758
复制
发表时间：
2014-03-01
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
DeLuca, Stefanie
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Darrah, Jennifer;DeLuca, Stefanie
对住房选择券计划和住房流动性干预措施的研究表明，即使有援助，贫困的少数民族家庭也很难搬迁到并留在低贫困社区。学者们认为，结构力量和个人偏好都有助于解释这些居住模式。然而，很少有人关注偏好来自哪里，以及它们如何对政策和社会结构做出反应，以塑造住宅决策。在本文中，我们使用的数据，从实地考察与110名参与者的巴尔的摩流动性计划（BMP），一个辅助的流动性券计划，以证明如何居住的偏好可以随着时间的推移，作为一个功能，生活在更高的机会社区。自2003年以来，BMP已经帮助了2,000多个低收入的非洲裔美国家庭从巴尔的摩市的高贫困、高度隔离的社区搬到了整个巴尔的摩地区的低贫困、种族混合的社区。沿着密集的咨询和独特的项目管理，这些新的社区环境帮助许多妇女改变了我们所说的住宅选择框架：家庭用来评估住房和社区的标准。参加流动计划的父母提高了他们对社区、家庭和学校能为他们的孩子和他们自己提供什么的期望。家长们报告说，他们对郊区的“安静”有了新的偏好，在考虑住在哪里时，他们会强烈考虑学校的质量和社区的多样性。我们的研究结果表明，住房政策应采用咨询，以确保搬迁和持续居住在低贫困社区。我们的工作还强调了社会结构、经验和政策机会如何影响偏好，以及这些偏好如何反过来影响政策结果。
Research on the housing choice voucher program and housing mobility interventions shows that even with assistance, it is difficult for poor minority families to relocate to, and remain in, low-poverty neighborhoods. Scholars suggest that both structural forces and individual preferences help explain these residential patterns. However, less attention is paid to where preferences come from, and how they respond to policies and social structure to shape residential decisionmaking. In this paper, we use data from fieldwork with 110 participants in the Baltimore Mobility Program (BMP), an assisted mobility voucher program, to demonstrate how residential preferences can shift over time as a function of living in higher opportunity neighborhoods. Since 2003, BMP has helped over 2,000 low-income African American families move from high-poverty, highly segregated neighborhoods in Baltimore City to low-poverty, racially mixed neighborhoods throughout the Baltimore region. Along with intensive counseling and unique program administration, these new neighborhood contexts helped many women to shift what we term residential choice frameworks: the criteria that families use to assess housing and neighborhoods. Parents who participated in the mobility program raised their expectations for what neighborhoods, homes, and schools can provide for their children and themselves. Parents report new preferences for the "quiet" of suburban locations, and strong consideration of school quality and neighborhood diversity when thinking about where to live. Our findings suggest that housing policies should employ counseling to ensure relocation to and sustained residence in low-poverty communities. Our work also underscores how social structure, experience, and policy opportunities influence preferences, and how these preferences, in turn, affect policy outcomes.