Doing Bad by Doing Good: Why Humanitarian Action Fails
Doing Bad by Doing Good: Why Humanitarian Action Fails
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行善积恶：人道主义行动为何失败
DOI：
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发表时间：
2013
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Christopher J. Coyne
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作者：
Christopher J. Coyne
2010年，海地遭受了一场残酷的地震，影响了数百万人的生活。地球仪都听到了援助那些需要帮助的人的呼吁。然而，两年后，由政府和非政府组织领导的人道主义努力基本上失败了。由于官僚主义的繁文缛节，资源无法到达需要帮助的人手中，许多资产被浪费。旨在帮助苦难的努力怎么会如此失败？在这本及时而富有煽动性的书中，克里斯托弗·J·科因用经济学的思维方式解释了为什么这一点和其他旨在做好事的人道主义努力最终一事无成或造成伤害。除了海地，科因考虑了广泛的干预措施。他解释了为什么美国政府在卡特里娜飓风后表现不佳，为什么国际社会在利比亚推翻穆阿迈尔·卡扎菲的人道主义努力很可能最终导致更多的问题而不是繁荣，为什么几十年来应对危机和促进世界各地发展的努力一再失败。这本书提供了一个大胆的替代方案，取代了国家主导的人道主义行动的主导方法，致力于建立经济自由的环境。如果我们愿意尝试援助，例如，询问如何促进发展作为一个社会发现的过程，或者我们如何参与私营部门，我们就增加了帮助人们的替代方案的范围，并赋予他们改善社区的能力。任何关心并致力于在短期或长期内减轻人类痛苦的人，从政策制定者和活动家到学者，都会发现这本书是对人道主义行动的深刻而具有挑衅性的重新定义。
In 2010, Haiti was ravaged by a brutal earthquake that affected the lives of millions. The call to assist those in need was heard around the globe. Yet two years later humanitarian efforts led by governments and NGOs have largely failed. Resources are not reaching the needy due to bureaucratic red tape, and many assets have been squandered. How can efforts intended to help the suffering fail so badly? In this timely and provocative book, Christopher J. Coyne uses the economic way of thinking to explain why this and other humanitarian efforts that intend to do good end up doing nothing or causing harm.In addition to Haiti, Coyne considers a wide range of interventions. He explains why the U.S. government was ineffective following Hurricane Katrina, why the international humanitarian push to remove Muammar Gaddafi in Libya may very well end up causing more problems than prosperity, and why decades of efforts to respond to crises and foster development around the world have resulted in repeated failures.In place of the dominant approach to state-led humanitarian action, this book offers a bold alternative, focused on establishing an environment of economic freedom. If we are willing to experiment with aid-asking questions about how to foster development as a process of societal discovery, or how else we might engage the private sector, for instance-we increase the range of alternatives to help people and empower them to improve their communities. Anyone concerned with and dedicated to alleviating human suffering in the short term or for the long haul, from policymakers and activists to scholars, will find this book to be an insightful and provocative reframing of humanitarian action.