PRIMARY STRUCTURES OF CHICKEN CONE VISUAL PIGMENTS - VERTEBRATE RHODOPSINS HAVE EVOLVED OUT OF CONE VISUAL PIGMENTS
PRIMARY STRUCTURES OF CHICKEN CONE VISUAL PIGMENTS - VERTEBRATE RHODOPSINS HAVE EVOLVED OUT OF CONE VISUAL PIGMENTS
复制标题
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.89.13.5932
复制
发表时间：
1992-07-01
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
YOSHIZAWA, T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
OKANO, T;KOJIMA, D;YOSHIZAWA, T
鸡视网膜含有视紫红质（一种视杆细胞色素）和四种视锥细胞色素。鸡红（碘视蛋白）和视紫红质的一级结构已经确定。在这里，我们报告分离的三个cDNA克隆编码额外的色素从鸡视网膜cDNA文库。根据纯化的鸡视色素的部分氨基酸序列及其生化和光谱特性，我们已经确定这些克隆编码鸡绿色，蓝色和紫色的视色素。鸡紫与人蓝不仅在最大吸收（鸡紫，415 nm;人蓝，419 nm）方面非常相似，而且在氨基酸序列（80.6%相同）方面也非常相似。有趣的是，鸡绿色与脊椎动物视紫红质的相似性（71-75.1%）高于任何其他已知的视锥色素（42.0-53.7%）。第四种视锥色素鸡蓝与其他脊椎动物视色素的氨基酸序列相似性较低（39.3-54.6%）。脊椎动物的视色素的氨基酸身份的基础上构建的系统发育树表明，祖先的视色素进化成四个组（组L，S，M1，和M2），其中每一个都包括一个鸡锥色素，和组Rh包括脊椎动物视紫红质从组M2后分叉。因此，这表明暗视觉（视紫红质）的基因已经从明视（锥色素）的基因进化而来。视紫红质从视锥色素的发散伴随着色素的负净电荷的增加。
The chicken retina contains rhodopsin (a rod visual pigment) and four kinds of cone visual pigments. The primary structures of chicken red (iodopsin) and rhodopsin have been determined previously. Here we report isolation of three cDNA clones encoding additional pigments from a chicken retinal cDNA library. Based on the partial amino acid sequences of the purified chicken visual pigments together with their biochemical and spectral properties, we have identified these clones as encoding the chicken green, blue, and violet visual pigments. Chicken violet was very similar to human blue not only in absorption maximum (chicken violet, 415 nm; human blue, 419 nm) but also in amino acid sequence (80.6% identical). Interestingly, chicken green was more similar (71-75.1%) than any other known cone pigment (42.0-53.7%) to vertebrate rhodopsins. The fourth additional cone pigment, chicken blue, had relatively low similarity (39.3-54.6%) in amino acid sequence to those of the other vertebrate visual pigments. A phylogenetic tree of vertebrate visual pigments constructed on the basis of amino acid identity indicated that an ancestral visual pigment evolved first into four groups (groups L, S, M1, and M2), each of which includes one of the chicken cone pigments, and that group Rh including vertebrate rhodopsins diverged from group M2 later. Thus, it is suggested that the gene for scotopic vision (rhodopsin) has evolved out of that for photopic vision (cone pigments). The divergence of rhodopsin from cone pigments was accompanied by an increase in negative net charge of the pigment.