EFFECT OF CLIMATIC VARIATION ON REPRODUCTION BY PALLID BATS (ANTROZOUS-PALLIDUS)
EFFECT OF CLIMATIC VARIATION ON REPRODUCTION BY PALLID BATS (ANTROZOUS-PALLIDUS)
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DOI：
10.1139/z93-197
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发表时间：
1993-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
LEWIS, SE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
LEWIS, SE
蝙蝠在哺乳动物中是不寻常的，它能够通过采用恒温或变温策略来应对波动的气候条件。低温影响食虫蝙蝠增加所需的能量恒温而栖息和减少可用的能量，由于较低的活动昆虫猎物。低温可能是特别昂贵的怀孕和哺乳蝙蝠，因为这些经验更大的能量需求，由于怀孕和产奶。使用异温法可能会增加妊娠期，减少产奶量。在为期2年的研究中，女性苍白蝙蝠（Antrozous pallidus）在中部俄勒冈州，我发现，较低的春季温度在1991年比1990年与较高比例的nonreproductive女性，推迟分娩日期，减少分娩的同步性，和较低的身体质量的哺乳期女性。1991年，由于雌性不繁殖或少年死亡，总体繁殖成功率可能较低。在1991年，雌性和幼鱼在迁徙和进入冬眠之前可能都处于较差的状态。温度对这种地面觅食蝙蝠繁殖的影响与空中食虫蝙蝠的记录相似。这些结果对保护和管理该物种的北方部分的范围。
Bats are unusual among mammals in having the ability to respond to fluctuating climatic conditions by employing either a homeothermic or a heterothermic strategy. Low temperatures affect insectivorous bats by increasing the energy required for homeothermy while roosting and by decreasing the energy available due to lower activity of insect prey. Low temperatures may be particularly costly to pregnant and lactating bats because these experience greater energetic demands due to gestation and milk production. The use of heterothermy may increase gestation length and decrease milk production. In a 2-year study of female pallid bats (Antrozous pallidus) in central Oregon, I found that lower spring temperatures in 1991 than in 1990 were correlated with a higher percentage of nonreproductive females, delayed parturition dates, reduced synchrony of parturition, and lower body mass of lactating females. Overall reproductive success was probably lower in 1991 as a result of females not reproducing or of juvenile mortality. In 1991, both females and juveniles were probably in poorer condition prior to migrating and entering hibernation. The effects of temperature on reproduction in this ground-foraging bat are similar to those documented for aerial insectivorous bats. These results have implications for conservation and management of this species in the northern part of its range.