Long-term improvements in water quality due to sewage abatement in the lower Hudson River
Long-term improvements in water quality due to sewage abatement in the lower Hudson River
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哈德逊河下游污水减少，水质长期改善
DOI：
10.2307/1352305
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发表时间：
1996
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
M. O’Shea
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
T. Brosnan;M. O’Shea
溶解氧（DO）和总大肠菌群浓度的长期趋势趋势被用来评估近60年的污水减排和处理在纽约市附近的哈德逊河下游的影响。虽然自1930年代以来，该地区就有一些水污染控制工厂投入运行，但哈德逊河下游未经处理的污水的最大减少发生在1970年代后期，当时大多数现有工厂都升级为二级处理，并建造了更多的工厂。至少从1922年到20世纪60年代初，夏季平均溶解氧饱和度百分比在表层沃茨为35%至50%，底层沃茨为25%至40%。从20世纪70年代末开始，溶解氧浓度在20世纪80年代普遍增加，特别是进入20世纪90年代，与1991年春季7.4 m3 s-1（每天1.7亿加仑，mgd）的北河工厂升级为二级处理相一致。20世纪90年代初，夏季平均饱和度在表层沃茨中超过80%，在底层沃茨中超过60%。此外，夏季DO最低值从20世纪70年代初的低于1.5 mg 1−1增加到20世纪90年代的高于3.0 mg 1−1，夏季缺氧的持续时间也有所减少。从20世纪70年代到90年代，总大肠菌群也呈现出强劲的下降趋势，下降的原因是工厂升级，20世纪80年代中期建造了两个纽约市工厂（北河和红钩），以及改善了下水道系统的运行。
Long-trend trends in dissolved oxygen (DO) and total coliform bacteria concentrations are used to evaluate the impact of almost 60 yr of sewage abatement and treatment in the lower Hudson River near New York City. Although some water pollution control plants have been in operation in the region since the 1930s, the most significant abatement of untreated sewage in the lower Hudson River has occurred since the late 1970s, when most of the existing plants were upgraded to secondary treatment, and additional plants were constructed. From at least 1922 through the early 1960s, average summer DO percent saturation varied between 35% and 50% in surface waters and 25% and 40% in bottom waters. Beginning in the late 1970s, DO concentrations generally increased through the 1980s and especially into the 1990s, coinciding with the upgrading of the 7.4 m3 s−1 (170 million gallons per day, mgd) North River plant to secondary treatment in the spring of 1991. Average summer percent saturation in the early 1990s exceeded 80% in surface waters and 60% in bottom waters. In addition, summer DO minima have increased from less than 1.5 mg 1−1 in the early 1970s to greater than 3.0 mg 1−1 in the 1990s, and the duration of hypoxia during summer months has been reduced. Total coliforms also display strong declining trends from the 1970s into the 1990s, with declines attributed to plant upgrades, construction of two New York City plants (North River and Red Hook) in the mid 1980s, and improved operation of the sewer system.