Risk Management in a Developing Country Context: Improving Decisions About Point-of-Use Water Treatment Among the Rural Poor in Africa
Risk Management in a Developing Country Context: Improving Decisions About Point-of-Use Water Treatment Among the Rural Poor in Africa
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1539-6924.2011.01675.x
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发表时间：
2012-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Post, Kristianna
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Arvai, Joseph;Post, Kristianna
超过10亿人-其中绝大多数生活在发展中世界-缺乏基本的家庭清洁用水。因此，寻找和推广有效且可持续的解决方案，为发展中国家提供可靠的清洁水已成为多项公共卫生和国际发展工作的重点。尽管在发展中社区有几种提供集中清洁水源的方法，但水问题的严重性和广泛性导致大多数发展机构和卫生专家强烈主张在人们经常使用的任何水源的同时使用点处理系统。然而，发展工作者在这样做时谨慎地指出，任何有关水安全和人类健康的干预措施或基础设施也必须遵守国际发展的一项核心原则：促进更民主和参与性的决策和治理模式。为此，这里报告的研究重点是制定一个审议风险管理框架，让受影响的利益相关者参与POU水处理系统的决策。这项研究是基于以前对结构化决策的研究，在东非国家坦桑尼亚的两个农村进行的。
More than 1 billion people, the vast majority of which live in the developing world, lack basic access to clean water for domestic use. For this reason, finding and promoting effective and sustainable solutions for the provision of reliable clean water in developing nations has become a focus of several public health and international development efforts. Even though several means of providing centrally located sources of clean water in developing communities exist, the severity and widespread nature of the water problem has led most development agencies and sanitation experts to strongly advocate the use of point-of-use treatment systems alongside whatever source of water people regularly use. In doing so, however, development practitioners have been careful to point out that any interventions or infrastructure regarding water safety and human health must also adhere to one of the central principles of international development: to facilitate more democratic and participatory models of decision making and governance. To this end, the research reported here focused on the development of a deliberative risk management framework for involving affected stakeholders in decisions about POU water treatment systems. This research, which was grounded in previous studies of structured decision making, took place in two rural villages in the East African nation of Tanzania.