Response slowing of older adults: effects of time-limit contingencies on single- and dual-task performances.
Response slowing of older adults: effects of time-limit contingencies on single- and dual-task performances.
复制标题
老年人的反应减慢：时间限制意外事件对单任务和双任务表现的影响。
DOI：
10.1037//0882-7974.4.1.66
复制
发表时间：
1989
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Mattila,WR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Baron,A;Mattila,WR
年轻人和老年人（18-25岁vs. 65-76岁）进行了扩展实践（44小时）的记忆扫描程序，其中视觉和听觉项目列表单独（单任务条件）或与第二个视觉或听觉列表（双任务条件）一起呈现。对于这两个年龄组，识别测试项目是缓慢的双任务程序，和经验的任务只产生小的变化，反应延迟。当对反应时间加以限制时，延迟时间大大减少，单一任务和分工任务之间的差异也缩小了。尽管在整个实验过程中，年龄较大的男性反应较慢，但时间限制的偶然性减少了对两项任务反应的年龄差异。任务效应对老年男性来说更大，但这种年龄差异也因时间限制程序而减少。
Younger and older men (18–25 vs. 65–76 years of age) were given extended practice (44 hr) with a memory scanning procedure in which lists of visual and auditory items were presented singly (single-task condition) or together with a second visual or auditory list (dual-task condition). For both age groups, identification of test items was slower with the dual-task procedure, and experience with the tasks produced only small changes in response latencies. When time limits were placed on responding, latencies decreased substantially, and the difference between single and divided tasks was reduced. Although the older men were slower throughout the experiment, the time limit contingency reduced age differences in responses to both tasks. The task effect was larger for the older men, but this age difference also was reduced by the time limit procedures.