Embryonic-only arsenic exposure alters skeletal muscle satellite cell function in killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus).
Embryonic-only arsenic exposure alters skeletal muscle satellite cell function in killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus).
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仅胚胎阶段的砷暴露会改变鳉鱼（Fundulusheteroclitus）的骨骼肌卫星细胞功能。
DOI：
10.1016/j.aquatox.2018.03.015
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Bain,LisaJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Szymkowicz,DanaB;Schwendinger,KateyL;Tatnall,CarolineM;Swetenburg,JohnR;Bain,LisaJ
砷是世界范围内饮用水和食品中的一种污染物。流行病学研究表明，砷暴露与体重增加减少和肌肉发育不良相关，而体外研究表明，砷暴露会损害肌原性分化。本研究的目的是使用底heteroclitus或作为模式生物，以确定是否胚胎只有砷暴露永久性地减少肌肉卫星细胞的数量或功能。杀死鱼胚胎暴露于0，50，200，或800 ppb的亚砷酸盐（砷III），直到孵化，然后幼鱼在干净的水。在孵化后的28，40和52周，骨骼肌损伤诱导心脏毒素注入到后面的背鳍的鱼的躯干。在损伤后0、3和10天收集肌肉切片。胶原蛋白水平用于评估肌肉组织损伤和恢复，而增殖细胞核抗原（PCNA）和肌细胞生成素的水平进行定量比较增殖细胞和新形成的成肌细胞。在28周龄时，200和800 ppb组的基线胶原蛋白水平分别比对照组高105%和112%，在52周龄时，200 ppb鱼的基线胶原蛋白水平比对照组高58%。心脏毒素损伤后，胶原蛋白水平往往会增加到更大的程度，并需要更长的时间来解决砷暴露的鱼。与对照组相比，800 ppb暴露的鱼中基线PCNA（+）细胞的数量增加了48-216%，这取决于检查的周数。然而，在心脏毒素损伤后，在恢复期的第3天，200和800 ppb的鱼在28周时PCNA减少。到第52周，在恢复期的第3天，所有暴露组中的PCNA均显著降低。基于这些结果，胚胎砷暴露增加基线胶原蛋白水平和PCNA（+）细胞在骨骼肌。然而，当这些鱼受到肌肉损伤的挑战时，卫星细胞增殖和分化成肌原性前体细胞受到损害，相反，鱼似乎有利于损伤的纤维化解决。
Arsenic is a contaminant found worldwide in drinking water and food. Epidemiological studies have correlated arsenic exposure with reduced weight gain and improper muscular development, whilein vitrostudies show that arsenic exposure impairs myogenic differentiation. The purpose of this study was to useFundulus heteroclitusor killifish as a model organism to determine if embryonic-only arsenic exposure permanently reduces the number or function of muscle satellite cells. Killifish embryos were exposed to 0, 50, 200, or 800 ppb arsenite (AsIII) until hatching, and then juvenile fish were raised in clean water. At 28, 40, and 52 weeks after hatching, skeletal muscle injuries were induced by injecting cardiotoxin into the trunk of the fish just posterior to the dorsal fin. Muscle sections were collected at 0, 3 and 10 days post-injury. Collagen levels were used to assess muscle tissue damage and recovery, while levels of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and myogenin were quantified to compare proliferating cells and newly formed myoblasts. At 28 weeks of age, baseline collagen levels were 105% and 112% greater in 200 and 800 ppb groups, respectively, and at 52 weeks of age, were 58% higher than controls in the 200 ppb fish. After cardiotoxin injury, collagen levels tend to increase to a greater extent and take longer to resolve in the arsenic exposed fish. The number of baseline PCNA(+) cells were 48–216% greater in 800 ppb exposed fish compared to controls, depending on the week examined. However, following cardiotoxin injury, PCNA is reduced at 28 weeks in 200 and 800 ppb fish at day 3 during the recovery period. By 52 weeks, there are significant reductions in PCNA in all exposure groups at day 3 of the recovery period. Based on these results, embryonic arsenic exposure increases baseline collagen levels and PCNA(+) cells in skeletal muscle. However, when these fish are challenged with a muscle injury, the proliferation and differentiation of satellite cells into myogenic precursors is impaired and instead, the fish appear to be favoring a fibrotic resolution to the injury.