Immunopathology of highly virulent pathogens: insights from Ebola virus.

Immunopathology of highly virulent pathogens: insights from Ebola virus.
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DOI:
10.1038/ni1519
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发表时间:
2007-11
期刊:
影响因子:
30.5
通讯作者:
Nabel GJ
Nabel GJ
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Zampieri CA;Sullivan NJ;Nabel GJ

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埃博拉病毒是一种高毒性病原体,能够诱发经常致命的出血热综合征。越来越多的证据表明,该病毒主动破坏先天和适应性免疫反应,并在造成直接组织损伤时引发有害的炎症反应。宿主免疫系统最终被炎性因子和病毒诱导的细胞损伤的组合所压倒,特别是在肝脏和脉管系统中,通常导致败血性休克死亡。我们总结了埃博拉病毒感染患者的免疫失调和病毒介导的细胞损伤的机制。未来预防和治疗感染的方法将以解决有关种间传播、发病机制的分子机制以及对埃博拉病毒的保护性适应性和先天免疫反应等尚未解决的问题为指导。
Ebola virus is a highly virulent pathogen capable of inducing a frequently lethal hemorrhagic fever syndrome. Accumulating evidence indicates that the virus actively subverts both innate and adaptive immune responses and triggers harmful inflammatory responses as it inflicts direct tissue damage. The host immune system is ultimately overwhelmed by a combination of inflammatory factors and virus-induced cell damage, particularly in the liver and vasculature, often leading to death from septic shock. We summarize the mechanisms of immune dysregulation and virus-mediated cell damage in Ebola virus–infected patients. Future approaches to prevention and treatment of infection will be guided by answers to unresolved questions about interspecies transmission, molecular mechanisms of pathogenesis, and protective adaptive and innate immune responses to Ebola virus.
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