Carotenoids, retinol, tocopherols, and prostate cancer risk: pooled analysis of 15 studies
Carotenoids, retinol, tocopherols, and prostate cancer risk: pooled analysis of 15 studies
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DOI：
10.3945/ajcn.115.114306
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发表时间：
2015-11-01
影响因子：
7.1
通讯作者：
Allen, Naomi E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Key, Timothy J.;Appleby, Paul N.;Allen, Naomi E.
背景：个别研究表明，循环类胡萝卜素、视黄醇或生育酚可能与前列腺癌风险相关，但研究规模不够大，无法提供精确的关联估计，特别是根据疾病的分期和分级。目的：本研究的目的是对7种类胡萝卜素、视黄醇、α -生育酚和γ -生育酚的浓度与前列腺癌风险之间的关系进行汇总分析，并描述这种关系是否因疾病的分期、分级或其他因素而不同。设计：前瞻性研究的主要研究者提供前列腺癌病例和对照组的个体参与者数据。通过在匹配的病例对照集中使用多变量调整条件逻辑回归来估计每种生物标志物的研究特异性五分之一风险。结果：数据来自15项研究的11,239例（包括1654例晚期和1741例侵袭性）和18,541例对照。番茄红素与前列腺癌的总体风险无关，但在疾病分期方面存在统计学意义上的异质性，番茄红素含量最高的五分之一与最低的五分之一相比，侵袭性疾病的OR为0.65 （95% CI: 0.46, 0.91； p趋势= 0.032）。没有其他类胡萝卜素与前列腺癌的总体风险或晚期或侵袭性疾病的风险显著相关。对于视黄醇，最高与最低的五分之一的OR为1.13 （95% CI: 1.04, 1.22； p趋势= 0.015）。对于α -生育酚，最高与最低的五分之一的OR为0.86 (95% CI: 0.78, 0.94； p趋势< 0.001)，不同疾病阶段存在显著异质性；侵袭性前列腺癌的OR为0.74 （95% CI: 0.59, 0.92; P-trend = 0.001）。-生育酚与风险无关。结论：总体前列腺癌风险与视黄醇呈正相关，与α -生育酚呈负相关，侵袭性前列腺癌风险与番茄红素和α -生育酚呈负相关。这些关联是否反映了因果关系尚不清楚。
Background: Individual studies have suggested that circulating carotenoids, retinol, or tocopherols may be associated with prostate cancer risk, but the studies have not been large enough to provide precise estimates of associations, particularly by stage and grade of disease.Objective: The objective of this study was to conduct a pooled analysis of the associations of the concentrations of 7 carotenoids, retinol, alpha-tocopherol, and gamma-tocopherol with risk of prostate cancer and to describe whether any associations differ by stage or grade of the disease or other factors.Design: Principal investigators of prospective studies provided individual participant data for prostate cancer cases and controls. Risk by study-specific fifths of each biomarker was estimated by using multivariable-adjusted conditional logistic regression in matched case-control sets.Results: Data were available for up to 11,239 cases (including 1654 advanced stage and 1741 aggressive) and 18,541 controls from 15 studies. Lycopene was not associated with overall risk of prostate cancer, but there was statistically significant heterogeneity by stage of disease, and the OR for aggressive disease for the highest compared with the lowest fifth of lycopene was 0.65 (95% CI: 0.46, 0.91; P-trend = 0.032). No other carotenoid was significantly associated with overall risk of prostate cancer or with risk of advanced-stage or aggressive disease. For retinol, the OR for the highest compared with the lowest fifth was 1.13 (95% CI: 1.04, 1.22; P-trend = 0.015). For alpha-tocopherol, the OR for the highest compared with the lowest fifth was 0.86 (95% CI: 0.78, 0.94; P-trend < 0.001), with significant heterogeneity by stage of disease; the OR for aggressive prostate cancer was 0.74 (95% CI: 0.59, 0.92; P-trend = 0.001). gamma-Tocopherol was not associated with risk.Conclusions: Overall prostate cancer risk was positively associated with retinol and inversely associated with alpha-tocopherol, and risk of aggressive prostate cancer was inversely associated with lycopene and alpha-tocopherol. Whether these associations reflect causal relations is unclear.