Selective rapid eye movement sleep deprivation affects cell size and number in kitten locus coeruleus.
Selective rapid eye movement sleep deprivation affects cell size and number in kitten locus coeruleus.
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DOI：
10.3389/fneur.2012.00069
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Roffwarg HP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Shaffery JP;Allard JS;Manaye KF;Roffwarg HP
蓝斑（LC）细胞是大脑中去甲肾上腺素（NE）的唯一来源，并根据清醒状态改变其释放速率。除了其在警觉性中的作用外，NE还影响出生后发育关键期（CP）的突触可塑性。受NE影响的CP突触可塑性的一种形式是单眼闭塞，它导致中央视觉区域的生理和细胞结构改变。选择性抑制CP猫的快速眼动睡眠（REMS）增强了单眼遮挡的中枢效应。REMS剥夺（REMSD）后大脑皮层可塑性增强的机制尚未确定。可塑性增加的一个可能中介是连续的NE流出，这可能在REMSD的延长期间持续存在。酪氨酸羟化酶（Tyrosine hydroxylase， TH）是NE合成的限速酶，是NE生成细胞的标志。在CP期间，我们选择性地抑制小猫的REMS 1周。在年龄匹配的rem剥夺(RD)-，治疗对照(TXC)-和家庭笼养（HCC）动物中，评估了表达对酪氨酸羟化酶（TH-ir）免疫反应的LC细胞的数量和大小。睡眠量和慢波活动（SWA）也相对于基线进行了检查。与TXC猫相比，RD猫在研究期间的rem睡眠时间较短，RD猫在rem睡眠后半期的SWA δ功率增加。RD中LC中TH-ir细胞的估计总数明显低于TXC小猫，在数值上低于HCC动物。HCC组表达TH-ir的LC细胞体积最大。RD幼猫的HCC细胞明显大于TH-ir细胞。这些数据与1周REMSD引起的前脑区域（包括视觉皮层）NE减少的假设一致。
Cells in the locus coeruleus (LC) constitute the sole source of norepinephrine (NE) in the brain and change their discharge rates according to vigilance state. In addition to its well established role in vigilance, NE affects synaptic plasticity in the postnatal critical period (CP) of development. One form of CP synaptic plasticity affected by NE results from monocular occlusion, which leads to physiological and cytoarchitectural alterations in central visual areas. Selective suppression of rapid eye movement sleep (REMS) in the CP kitten enhances the central effects of monocular occlusion. The mechanisms responsible for heightened cortical plasticity following REMS deprivation (REMSD) remain undetermined. One possible mediator of an increase in plasticity is continuous NE outflow, which presumably persists during extended periods of REMSD. Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) is the rate-limiting enzyme in the synthesis of NE and serves as a marker for NE-producing cells. We selectively suppressed REMS in kittens for 1 week during the CP. The number and size of LC cells expressing immunoreactivity to tyrosine hydroxylase (TH-ir) was assessed in age-matched REMS-deprived (RD)-, treatment–control (TXC)-, and home cage-reared (HCC) animals. Sleep amounts and slow wave activity (SWA) were also examined relative to baseline. Time spent in REMS during the study was lower in RD compared to TXC animals, and RD kittens increased SWA delta power in the latter half of the REMSD period. The estimated total number of TH-ir cells in LC was significantly lower in the RD than in the TXC kittens and numerically lower than in the HCC animals. The size of LC cells expressing TH-ir was greatest in the HCC group. HCC cells were significantly larger than TH-ir cells in the RD kittens. These data are consistent with presumed reduction in NE in forebrain areas, including visual cortex, caused by 1 week of REMSD.