The Ethics of Volcano Geoengineering
The Ethics of Volcano Geoengineering
复制标题
火山地球工程的伦理
DOI：
10.1029/2023ef003714
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发表时间：
2023
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Cassidy M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cassidy M
火山地球工程是改变火山系统和/或火山喷发的状态，以开发它们或减轻它们的风险的做法。尽管该领域的许多人坚称，在减轻危险方面几乎无能为力，但过去有意或无意干预火山的例子表明，在火山喷发后接触到火山管道系统或改变大气过程在技术上是可行的。此外，我们认为，经济、政治和环境压力可能会使此类干预在未来变得更加常见。如果火山地球工程有一天成为一门学科，它将需要克服许多安全和伦理问题，包括处理不确定性、决定哲学方法，如结果主义或预防原则、正义与不平等、军事用途、文化价值观和交流。我们强调，虽然火山地球工程有重大的潜在好处，但风险和不确定性太大，不值得在短期内使用它。尽管如此，由于潜在的巨大社会效益，我们相信有一个强有力的伦理理由来支持对火山地球工程的有效性和安全性的研究，以供其未来的潜在用途。我们建议，需要对任何火山地球工程进行严格的治理和监管，以防范潜在风险，使潜在有价值和公开可用的研究(例如，对有效性和安全性进行量化)成为可能，确保未来的任何政策都必须通过社区参与来共同制定，并且火山地球工程只应被视为更大的缓解做法的一部分。
Volcano geoengineering is the practice of altering the state of volcanic systems and/or volcanic eruptions to exploit them or mitigate their risk. Although many in the field insist there is little that can be done to mitigate the hazard, past examples of both intentional and inadvertent volcano interventions demonstrate that it is technically feasible to reach volcano plumbing systems or alter atmospheric processes following eruptions. Furthermore, we suggest that economical, political, and environmental pressures may make such interventions more common in the future. If volcano geoengineering ever becomes a discipline, it will need to overcome many safety and ethical concerns, including dealing with uncertainty, deciding on philosophical approaches such as a consequentialism or precautionary principle, justice and inequality, military uses, cultural values, and communication. We highlight that while volcano geoengineering has significant potential benefits, the risks and uncertainties are too great to justify its use in the short term. Despite this, because of the potential large benefits to society, we believe there is a strong ethical case to support research into the efficacy and safety of volcano geoengineering for its potential future use. We propose that rigorous governance and regulation of any volcano geoengineering is required to protect against potential risks, to enable potentially valuable and publicly available research (e.g., quantification of efficacy and safety), to ensure that any future policy must be co‐created through community engagement, and that volcano geoengineering should only be considered as part of larger mitigation practices.
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影响因子：
4.3
作者：
Jia-Chun Lin;A. Svensson;C. Hvidberg;J. Lohmann;S. Kristiansen;D. Dahl-Jensen;J. Steffensen;S. Rasmussen;E. Cook;H. Kjær;B. Vinther;H. Fischer;T. Stocker;M. Sigl;M. Bigler;M. Severi;R. Traversi;R. Mulvaney
通讯作者：
Jia-Chun Lin;A. Svensson;C. Hvidberg;J. Lohmann;S. Kristiansen;D. Dahl-Jensen;J. Steffensen;S. Rasmussen;E. Cook;H. Kjær;B. Vinther;H. Fischer;T. Stocker;M. Sigl;M. Bigler;M. Severi;R. Traversi;R. Mulvaney
影响因子：
42.1
作者：
C. Wilson;G. Cooper;K. Chamberlain;S. Barker;M. Myers;F. Illsley‐Kemp;J. Farrell
通讯作者：
C. Wilson;G. Cooper;K. Chamberlain;S. Barker;M. Myers;F. Illsley‐Kemp;J. Farrell
可以预防或缓解超级火山喷发的干预措施
影响因子：
3
作者：
D. Denkenberger;R. Blair
通讯作者：
R. Blair
DOI：
10.1144/sp508-2020-146
发表时间：
2020-09
期刊：
Special Publications
影响因子：
--
作者：
S. Peppoloni;G. Di Capua
通讯作者：
S. Peppoloni;G. Di Capua
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
S. Peppoloni;G. Di Capua
通讯作者：
G. Di Capua