MiRNAs as biomarkers and therapeutic targets in cancer
MiRNAs as biomarkers and therapeutic targets in cancer
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DOI：
10.1016/j.coph.2010.05.010
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发表时间：
2010-10-01
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Kerin, Michael J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Heneghan, Helen M.;Miller, Nicola;Kerin, Michael J.
有关miRNA在癌症中表达经常失调的认识揭示了一系列全新的分子因子，这些分子因子位于基因表达的上游，具有成为癌症新的生物标志物和治疗靶点的令人兴奋的潜力。利用这些分子的独特特性，包括它们的稳定性、组织特异性、易于检测和操作，将使临床医生更加接近实现癌症个体化治疗的目标。我们对miRNAs在癌症中的作用进行了全面和及时的综述。在这里，我们简要介绍miRNA的生物发生，miRNAs作为癌基因或肿瘤抑制因子的假定作用，以及它们作为敏感和特异的肿瘤标记物的潜力，特别强调最常见的癌症：乳腺癌、前列腺癌、肺癌和结直肠癌。我们还讨论了循环中的肿瘤相关miRNAs，这些miRNAs正在成为各种癌症的早期检测、预测和管理的临床有用工具。最后，我们探讨了它们在癌症领域的潜在治疗应用，并强调了需要克服的一些潜在挑战，以便将miRNAs从工作台带到床边。鉴于到目前为止的证据，我们预计miRNAs在未来癌症患者的个性化管理中将发挥关键作用。
The knowledge that miRNA expression is frequently dysregulated in cancer has uncovered an entirely new repertoire of molecular factors upstream of gene expression, with exciting potential as novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets in cancer. Exploiting the unique characteristics of these molecules including their stability, tissue specificity, ease of detection and manipulation, will bring clinicians ever closer to achieving the goal of individualized cancer treatment. We present a comprehensive and timely review of the role of miRNAs in cancer. Herein we address briefly miRNA biogenesis, the putative role of miRNAs as oncogenes or tumor suppressors, and their potential as sensitive and specific tumor markers with particular emphasis on the commonest cancers; breast, prostate, lung and colorectal. We also discuss circulating tumor-associated miRNAs which are emerging as clinically useful tools for early detection, prognostication and management of various cancers. Finally we explore their potential therapeutic applications in the field of cancer and highlight some of the potential challenges that need to be overcome in order to bring miRNAs from bench to bedside. Given the evidence to date, we envisage a pivotal role for miRNAs in the future individualized management of cancer patients.