Human Papillomavirus Vaccination ACOG Committee Opinion, Number 809
Human Papillomavirus Vaccination ACOG Committee Opinion, Number 809
复制标题
DOI：
10.1097/aog.0000000000004000
复制
发表时间：
2020-08-01
影响因子：
7.2
通讯作者：
Eckert, Linda O'Neal
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Eckert, Linda O'Neal
人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）在女性和男性中引起显著的发病率和死亡率。人乳头瘤病毒疫苗大大减少了女性和男性的肛门生殖器癌和生殖器疣的发病率。人乳头瘤病毒疫苗是世界上最有效的疫苗之一，有明确的数据表明，对未接触过该特定类型HPV的妇女接种的有效性超过99%。妇产科医生和其他卫生保健专业人员应强烈建议符合条件的患者接种HPV疫苗，并强调HPV疫苗的益处和安全性。此外，鼓励妇产科医生在可行的情况下在他们的办公室储存和接种HPV疫苗。理想情况下，HPV疫苗应该在青春期早期接种，因为在通过性行为接触HPV之前接种疫苗最有效。26岁及以下未接种HPV疫苗的女性应接种HPV疫苗系列，无论其性行为、既往暴露于HPV或性取向如何。HPV疫苗现在在美国被许可用于45岁以下的女性和男性。对于一些以前未接种HPV疫苗的27-45岁的妇女，妇产科医生和其他卫生保健专业人员可能会考虑到患者获得新的HPV感染的风险以及HPV疫苗是否可以提供益处，对HPV疫苗接种进行共同的临床决策。
Human papillomavirus (HPV) causes significant morbidity and mortality in women and men. The HPV vaccine significantly reduces the incidence of anogenital cancer and genital warts in women and in men. Human papillomavirus vaccines are among the most effective vaccines available worldwide, with unequivocal data demonstrating greater than 99% efficacy when administered to women who have not been exposed to that particular type of HPV. Obstetrician-gynecologists and other health care professionals should strongly recommend HPV vaccination to eligible patients and stress the benefits and safety of the HPV vaccine. Further, obstetrician-gynecologists are encouraged to stock and administer HPV vaccines in their offices when feasible. Ideally, the HPV vaccine should be given in early adolescence because vaccination is most effective before exposure to HPV through sexual activity. Unvaccinated women age 26 years and younger should receive the HPV vaccine series regardless of sexual activity, prior exposure to HPV, or sexual orientation. The HPV vaccine is now licensed in the United States for women and men through age 45 years. For some women aged 27-45 years who are previously unvaccinated, obstetrician-gynecologists and other health care professionals may use shared clinical decision making regarding HPV vaccination, considering the patient's risk for acquisition of a new HPV infection and whether the HPV vaccine may provide benefit.