Sex-dependent effects of cannabis-induced analgesia
Sex-dependent effects of cannabis-induced analgesia
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DOI：
10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2016.08.001
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发表时间：
2016-10-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Haney, Margaret
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Cooper, Ziva D.;Haney, Margaret
背景：临床前研究表明，大麻素介导的镇痛作用因性别而异；尚不清楚这些发现是否适用于人类。 方法：这项回顾性分析在双盲、安慰剂对照条件下比较了活性大麻 (3.56-5.60% THC) 和非活性大麻 (0.00% THC) 对男性 (N = 21) 和女性 (N = 21) 大麻吸烟者的镇痛、主观和生理效应。使用冷压测试（CPT）测量疼痛反应。参与者将手浸入冷水（4摄氏度）中；记录报告疼痛（疼痛敏感性）和收回手（疼痛耐受性）的时间。还测量了主观药物评级。结果：在男性中，相对于非活性大麻，活性大麻显着降低了疼痛敏感性（p < 0.01）。对于女性来说，相对于不活动的大麻，活动的大麻未能降低疼痛敏感性。活性大麻在吸烟后立即增加了男性和女性的疼痛耐受性（p < 0.001）；观察到男性和女性之间差异的趋势（p < 0.10）。活跃大麻还增加了与男性和女性滥用倾向（“再吸一次”、“喜欢”、“药效良好”）、药物强度和“高”相关的大麻主观评分（p < 0.01）。结论：这些结果表明，在大麻吸食者中，男性相对于女性表现出更大的大麻引起的镇痛作用。这些性别依赖性差异与大麻引起的与滥用责任相关的主观影响无关，这在男性和女性之间是一致的。因此，在考虑大麻素缓解疼痛的潜在治疗作用时，大麻镇痛作用的性别依赖性差异是一个重要的考虑因素，值得进一步研究。 (C) 2016 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. 保留所有权利。
Background: Preclinical studies demonstrate that cannabinoid-mediated antinociceptive effects vary according to sex; it is unknown if these findings extend to humans.Methods: This retrospective analysis compared the analgesic, subjective and physiological effects of active cannabis (3.56-5.60% THC) and inactive cannabis (0.00% THC) in male (N = 21) and female (N = 21) cannabis smokers under double-blind, placebo-controlled conditions. Pain response was measured using the Cold-Pressor Test (CPT). Participants immersed their hand in cold water (4 degrees C); times to report pain (pain sensitivity) and withdraw the hand (pain tolerance) were recorded. Subjective drug ratings were also measured.Results: Among men, active cannabis significantly decreased pain sensitivity relative to inactive cannabis (p < 0.01). In women, active cannabis failed to decrease pain sensitivity relative to inactive. Active cannabis increased pain tolerance in both men women immediately after smoking (p < 0.001); a trend was observed for differences between men and women (p < 0.10). Active cannabis also increased subjective ratings of cannabis associated with abuse liability ('Take again,"Liking,"Good drug effect'), drug strength, and 'High' relative to inactive in both men and women (p < 0.01).Conclusions: These results indicate that in cannabis smokers, men exhibit greater cannabis-induced analgesia relative to women. These sex-dependent differences are independent of cannabis-elicited subjective effects associated with abuse-liability, which were consistent between men and women. As such, sex dependent differences in cannabis's analgesic effects are an important consideration that warrants further investigation when considering the potential therapeutic effects of cannabinoids for pain relief. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.