Interactive effects of a bacterial parasite and the insecticide carbaryl to life-history and physiology of two Daphnia magna clories differing in carbaryl sensitivity
Interactive effects of a bacterial parasite and the insecticide carbaryl to life-history and physiology of two Daphnia magna clories differing in carbaryl sensitivity
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DOI：
10.1016/j.aquatox.2013.01.008
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发表时间：
2013-04-15
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Janssen, Colin R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
De Coninck, Dieter I. M.;De Schamphelaere, Karel A. C.;Janssen, Colin R.
自然和化学压力源同时发生在水生环境中。由于不同压力源之间的相互作用，它们对生物群的综合影响通常很难从其单独影响中预测。最近的几项研究表明，多种压力源对生物体的协同效应可能在高压力水平下比低压力水平下更常见。在这项研究中，我们使用了三因素全因子设计，以探讨是否自然的压力，细菌寄生虫多枝巴斯德菌，和化学压力，杀虫剂西维因之间的相互作用的影响，是不同的两个遗传不同的克隆大型蚤，强烈不同的敏感性西维因。对各种生活史和生理终点的相互作用效应被评估为与参考独立作用（IA）模型的显著偏差，该模型通过在双因素ANOVA中对每个克隆的对数转换观察数据分别检验双因素西维因x寄生虫相互作用项的显著性来实现。在西维因敏感克隆（生存，早期繁殖和生长）和非敏感克隆（生长，电子传递活性和prophenoloxidase活性）中检测到相互作用（从而显着偏离IA）。未发现成熟率、滤过率和能量储备分数（碳水化合物、蛋白质、脂质）的相互作用。此外，只有拮抗相互作用中检测到的非敏感克隆，而只有协同相互作用中观察到西维因敏感克隆。我们的数据清楚地表明，有遗传决定的差异，在相互作用后，联合暴露于西维因和巴氏杆菌在D。麦格纳(C)2013爱思唯尔有限公司版权所有。
Natural and chemical stressors occur simultaneously in the aquatic environment. Their combined effects on biota are usually difficult to predict from their individual effects due to interactions between the different stressors. Several recent studies have suggested that synergistic effects of multiple stressors on organisms may be more common at high compared to low overall levels of stress. In this study, we used a three-way full factorial design to investigate whether interactive effects between a natural stressor, the bacterial parasite Pasteuria ramosa, and a chemical stressor, the insecticide carbaryl, were different between two genetically distinct clones of Daphnia magna that strongly differ in their sensitivity to carbaryl. Interactive effects on various life-history and physiological endpoints were assessed as significant deviations from the reference Independent Action (IA) model, which was implemented by testing the significance of the two-way carbaryl x parasite interaction term in two-way ANOVA's on log-transformed observational data for each clone separately. Interactive effects (and thus significant deviations from IA) were detected in both the carbaryl-sensitive clone (on survival, early reproduction and growth) and in the non-sensitive clone (on growth, electron transport activity and prophenoloxidase activity). No interactions were found for maturation rate, filtration rate, and energy reserve fractions (carbohydrate, protein, lipid). Furthermore, only antagonistic interactions were detected in the non-sensitive clone, while only synergistic interactions were observed in the carbaryl sensitive clone. Our data clearly show that there are genetically determined differences in the interactive effects following combined exposure to carbaryl and Pasteuria in D. magna. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.