Intelligence and the frontal lobe: The organization of goal-directed behavior
Intelligence and the frontal lobe: The organization of goal-directed behavior
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DOI：
10.1006/cogp.1996.0008
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发表时间：
1996-06-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Freer, C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Duncan, J;Emslie, H;Freer, C
研究个体差异的基础是“一般智力”或斯皮尔曼的g.在这篇文章中，我们认为g在很大程度上反映了额叶的控制功能。一系列实验研究了一种我们称之为目标忽视的现象：即使已经理解和记住了任务要求，也会忽视它。从主观上看，似乎被忽视的要求“滑出了主体的头脑。"之前在额叶患者中描述过，我们发现目标忽视也可以在一些正常人群中看到。根据控制和自动处理之间的传统区别，引发目标忽视的条件包括新奇，弱错误反馈和多个并发任务的要求。在这些情况下，忽视与g密切相关，并且在额叶损伤后非常常见。遵循许多其他模型，我们认为，任何任务中的行为都是由一组动作约束或要求构成的，这些约束或要求部分来自口头指令，并在多个抽象层次上指定。约束或需求激活的前沿过程是斯皮尔曼g. (C)出版社：Academic Press，Inc.
Basic to the study of individual differences is the concept of ''general intelligence'' or Spearman's g. In this article we suggest that g is largely a reflection of the control functions of the frontal lobe. A series of experiments investigates a phenomenon we call goal neglect: disregard of a task requirement even though it has been understood and remembered. Subjectively it is as though the neglected requirement ''slips the subject's mind.'' Previously described in frontal patients, we show that goal neglect can also be seen in some members of the normal population. In line with conventional distinctions between controlled and automatic processing, eliciting conditions for goal neglect include novelty, weak error feedback, and multiple concurrent task requirements. Under these conditions neglect is linked closely to g and extremely common after frontal lesions. Following many other models, we suggest that behavior in any task is structured by a set of action constraints or requirements, derived in part from verbal instructions and specified at multiple levels of abstraction. A frontal process of constraint or requirement activation is fundamental to Spearman's g. (C) 1996 Academic Press, Inc.