Comparison of Single-Ion Conducting Polymer Gel Electrolytes for Sodium, Potassium, and Calcium Batteries: Influence of Polymer Chemistry, Cation Identity, Charge Density, and Solvent on Conductivity
Comparison of Single-Ion Conducting Polymer Gel Electrolytes for Sodium, Potassium, and Calcium Batteries: Influence of Polymer Chemistry, Cation Identity, Charge Density, and Solvent on Conductivity
复制标题
DOI：
10.3390/batteries6010011
复制
发表时间：
2020-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Schaefer, Jennifer L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ford, Hunter O.;Cui, Chuanchuan;Schaefer, Jennifer L.
从材料多样化和可持续性的角度来看，所谓的“超越锂离子”电池化学的发展对储能的未来至关重要。Na、K和Ca作为电池化学的基础是有希望的，因为这些元素是高度丰富的。在这里，一系列的单离子导电聚合物电解质（SIPES）的钠，钾，钙电池的合成和研究。比较的两类金属阳离子中和的SIPE是交联的聚（乙二醇）二甲基丙烯酸酯-X-苯乙烯磺酸酯（PEGDMA-SS）和聚（四氢呋喃）二丙烯酸酯-X-4-苯乙烯磺酰基（三氟甲基磺酰基）酰亚胺（PTHFDA-STFSI）;三种阳离子类型，三种电荷密度，和四种溶胀状态进行检查。研究了所有这些参数对电导率的影响，并结合小角X射线散射（SAXS），发现促进离子解离和防止形成致密的离子聚集体有利于离子传输。这些结果表明，从Li SIPE文献中吸取的许多经验教训可以转化为超越Li化学。在25摄氏度下，性能最好的Na/K和Ca交换聚合物产生的活性阳离子电导率对于碳酸亚乙酯：碳酸亚丙酯凝胶化的SIPE分别为10（-4）S/cm和10（-6）S/cm，对于甘醇二甲醚凝胶化的SIPE分别为10（-5）S/cm和10（-7）S/cm。
From the standpoint of material diversification and sustainability, the development of so-called "beyond lithium-ion" battery chemistries is important for the future of energy storage. Na, K, and Ca are promising as the basis for battery chemistries in that these elements are highly abundant. Here, a series of single-ion conducting polymer electrolytes (SIPEs) for Na, K, and Ca batteries are synthesized and investigated. The two classes of metal cation neutralized SIPEs compared are crosslinked poly(ethylene glycol) dimethacrylate-x-styrene sulfonate (PEGDMA-SS) and poly(tetrahydrofuran) diacrylate-x-4-styrenesulfonyl (trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (PTHFDA-STFSI); three cation types, three charge densities, and four swelling states are examined. The impact on conductivity of all of these parameters is studied, and in conjunction with small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), it is found that promoting ion dissociation and preventing the formation of dense ionic aggregates facilitates ion transport. These results indicate many of the lessons learned from the Li SIPE literature can be translated to beyond Li chemistries. At 25 degrees C, the best performing Na/K and Ca exchanged polymers yield active cation conductivity on the order of 10(-4) S/cm and 10(-6) S/cm, respectively, for ethylene carbonate:propylene carbonate gelled SIPEs, and 10(-5) S/cm and 10(-7) S/cm, respectively, for glyme gelled SIPEs.