Hypoxic and Cold Adaptation Insights from the Himalayan Marmot Genome
Hypoxic and Cold Adaptation Insights from the Himalayan Marmot Genome
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来自喜马拉雅土拨鼠基因组的缺氧和寒冷适应见解
DOI：
10.1016/j.isci.2019.01.019
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发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
Zhang Jifeng
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bai Liang;Liu Baoning;Ji Changmian;Zhao Sihai;Liu Siyu;Wang Rong;Wang Weirong;Yao Pu;Li Xuming;Fu Xiaojun;Yu Haiyan;Liu Min;Han Fengming;Guan Ning;Liu Hui;Liu Dongyuan;Tao Yuanqing;Wang Zhongdong;Yan Shunsheng;Florant Greg;Butcher Michael T.;Zhang Jifeng
喜马拉雅土拨鼠（Marmota Himalayana）是一种冬眠哺乳动物，栖息在喜马拉雅山脉的高海拔地区。在这里，我们展示了喜马拉雅土拨鼠的基因组草图，总组装长度为 2.47 Gb。系统发育分析表明，喜马拉雅土拨鼠在大约 198 万年前从蒙古土拨鼠中分化出来。冬眠期间的转录变化包括负责肝脏脂肪酸代谢的基因以及参与补体和凝血级联以及大脑中干细胞多能性途径的基因。两个选择性扫描基因 Slc25a14 和 ψAamp 在低海拔和高海拔人群之间表现出明显的基因分型差异。作为加工后的假基因，ψAamp 可能具有生物活性，通过竞争性 microRNA 结合影响 Aamp 的稳定性。这些发现揭示了喜马拉雅土拨鼠适应极端环境的分子和遗传基础。
The Himalayan marmot (Marmota himalayana) is a hibernating mammal that inhabits the high-elevation regions of the Himalayan mountains. Here we present a draft genome of the Himalayan marmot, with a total assembly length of 2.47 Gb. Phylogenetic analyses showed that the Himalayan marmot diverged from the Mongolian marmot approximately 1.98 million years ago. Transcriptional changes during hibernation included genes responsible for fatty acid metabolism in liver and genes involved in complement and coagulation cascades and stem cell pluripotency pathways in brain. Two selective sweep genes, Slc25a14 and ψAamp, showed apparent genotyping differences between low- and high-altitude populations. As a processed pseudogene, ψAamp may be biologically active to influence the stability of Aamp through competitive microRNA binding. These findings shed light on the molecular and genetic basis underlying adaptation to extreme environments in the Himalayan marmot.