The LiteBIRD Satellite Mission: Sub-Kelvin Instrument
The LiteBIRD Satellite Mission: Sub-Kelvin Instrument
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DOI：
10.1007/s10909-018-1947-7
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发表时间：
2018-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
A. Suzuki;P. Ade;Y. Akiba;Y. Akiba;D. Alonso;K. Arnold;J. Aumont;C. Baccigalupi;D. Barron
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Suzuki;P. Ade;Y. Akiba;Y. Akiba;D. Alonso;K. Arnold;J. Aumont;C. Baccigalupi;D. Barron
暴胀理论是宇宙诞生第一瞬间的主要理论。暴胀假设宇宙在诞生后的瞬间经历了一段快速膨胀的时期，为宇宙学观测提供了令人信服的解释。探测器技术的最新进展为探索由暴胀通过嵌入宇宙微波背景各向异性的“B模式”（无发散）偏振模式产生的原始引力波提供了机会。如果被探测到，这些信号将为暴胀提供强有力的证据，指出暴胀的正确模型，并为超高能量的物理学打开一扇窗户。LiteBIRD是一项卫星使命，目标是探测角度和更大角度尺度的B模式偏振。LiteBIRD将在第二个拉格朗日点用400毫米直径的望远镜和2622个探测器进行观测。它将使用40至400 GHz的15个频段测量整个天空，以测量和减去前景。美国LiteBIRD团队提议提供包括探测器和读出电子设备的亚开尔文仪器。小透镜耦合的弯曲天线阵列将覆盖低频带（40-235 GHz），具有三色像素的四个频率布置。一个正交模换能器耦合波纹喇叭阵列将覆盖高频段（280-402千兆赫）与三种类型的单频探测器。探测器将与过渡边缘传感器（TES）测辐射热计冷却到100毫开尔文的基础温度的绝热退磁冰箱。TES测辐射热计将通过超导量子干涉仪（SQUID）放大器使用数字频率复用进行读取。多达78个测辐射热计将与一个SQUID放大器多路复用。我们报告的亚开尔文仪器的设计和正在进行的发展为LiteBIRD使命。
Inflation is the leading theory of the first instant of the universe. Inflation, which postulates that the universe underwent a period of rapid expansion an instant after its birth, provides convincing explanation for cosmological observations. Recent advancements in detector technology have opened opportunities to explore primordial gravitational waves generated by the inflation through “B-mode” (divergent-free) polarization pattern embedded in the cosmic microwave background anisotropies. If detected, these signals would provide strong evidence for inflation, point to the correct model for inflation, and open a window to physics at ultra-high energies. LiteBIRD is a satellite mission with a goal of detecting degree-and-larger-angular-scale B-mode polarization. LiteBIRD will observe at the second Lagrange point with a 400 mm diameter telescope and 2622 detectors. It will survey the entire sky with 15 frequency bands from 40 to 400 GHz to measure and subtract foregrounds. The US LiteBIRD team is proposing to deliver sub-Kelvin instruments that include detectors and readout electronics. A lenslet-coupled sinuous antenna array will cover low-frequency bands (40–235 GHz) with four frequency arrangements of trichroic pixels. An orthomode-transducer-coupled corrugated horn array will cover high-frequency bands (280–402 GHz) with three types of single frequency detectors. The detectors will be made with transition edge sensor (TES) bolometers cooled to a 100 milli-Kelvin base temperature by an adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator. The TES bolometers will be read out using digital frequency multiplexing with Superconducting QUantum Interference Device (SQUID) amplifiers. Up to 78 bolometers will be multiplexed with a single SQUID amplifier. We report on the sub-Kelvin instrument design and ongoing developments for the LiteBIRD mission.