Mitochondrial Evolution
Mitochondrial Evolution
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DOI：
10.1101/cshperspect.a011403
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发表时间：
2012-09-01
影响因子：
7.2
通讯作者：
Gray, Michael W.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Gray, Michael W.
从线粒体包含的基因组的角度来看，线粒体毫无疑问是细菌的祖先，起源于细菌门α -变形菌门（α -变形菌门）。因此，内共生体假说——即线粒体通过真核宿主细胞内的共生关系从细菌祖先进化而来的观点——被认为是一种理论。然而，线粒体基因组的进化在不同的真核生物谱系中采取了截然不同的途径，并且细胞器本身越来越被视为遗传和功能的马赛克，线粒体蛋白质组的大部分具有α变形菌外的进化起源。新的数据继续重塑我们对线粒体进化的看法，特别是提出了线粒体是否起源于真核细胞出现之后的问题，如经典的内共生假说所假设的那样，或者这个细胞器是否与包含它的细胞同时开始。
Viewed through the lens of the genome it contains, the mitochondrion is of unquestioned bacterial ancestry, originating from within the bacterial phylum alpha-Proteobacteria (Alphaproteobacteria). Accordingly, the endosymbiont hypothesis-the idea that the mitochondrion evolved from a bacterial progenitor via symbiosis within an essentially eukaryotic host cell-has assumed the status of a theory. Yet mitochondrial genome evolution has taken radically different pathways in diverse eukaryotic lineages, and the organelle itself is increasingly viewed as a genetic and functional mosaic, with the bulk of the mitochondrial proteome having an evolutionary origin outside Alphaproteobacteria. New data continue to reshape our views regarding mitochondrial evolution, particularly raising the question of whether the mitochondrion originated after the eukaryotic cell arose, as assumed in the classical endosymbiont hypothesis, or whether this organelle had its beginning at the same time as the cell containing it.