Both Direct and Vicarious Experiences of Nature Affect Children's Willingness to Conserve Biodiversity.
Both Direct and Vicarious Experiences of Nature Affect Children's Willingness to Conserve Biodiversity.
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DOI：
10.3390/ijerph13060529
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发表时间：
2016-05-25
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Hanaki K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Soga M;Gaston KJ;Yamaura Y;Kurisu K;Hanaki K
孩子们越来越不可能与大自然直接接触。人类与自然互动的持续丧失，经验的消失，被视为应对全球环境挑战的最根本障碍之一。然而，对生物多样性保护的后果却研究得很少。在此，我们对小学生进行了问卷调查，调查了直接（参与自然活动）和间接（阅读自然书籍或观看有关自然的电视节目，与父母或朋友谈论自然）体验的频率对他们保护生物多样性的情感态度（个人的情感感受）和意愿的影响。共有397名儿童参加了东京的调查。儿童的情感态度和保护生物多样性的意愿与自然的直接和替代经验的频率呈正相关。路径分析表明，直接经验和替代经验对儿童保护生物多样性的意愿的影响是通过他们的情感态度介导的。这项研究表明，经常体验自然的儿童可能会对保护生物多样性产生更大的情感亲和力和支持。我们建议应鼓励儿童体验大自然，并提供各种类型的这些经验。
Children are becoming less likely to have direct contact with nature. This ongoing loss of human interactions with nature, the extinction of experience, is viewed as one of the most fundamental obstacles to addressing global environmental challenges. However, the consequences for biodiversity conservation have been examined very little. Here, we conducted a questionnaire survey of elementary schoolchildren and investigated effects of the frequency of direct (participating in nature-based activities) and vicarious experiences of nature (reading books or watching TV programs about nature and talking about nature with parents or friends) on their affective attitudes (individuals’ emotional feelings) toward and willingness to conserve biodiversity. A total of 397 children participated in the surveys in Tokyo. Children’s affective attitudes and willingness to conserve biodiversity were positively associated with the frequency of both direct and vicarious experiences of nature. Path analysis showed that effects of direct and vicarious experiences on children’s willingness to conserve biodiversity were mediated by their affective attitudes. This study demonstrates that children who frequently experience nature are likely to develop greater emotional affinity to and support for protecting biodiversity. We suggest that children should be encouraged to experience nature and be provided with various types of these experiences.