Validity of one-dimensional QED for a system with spatial symmetry

Validity of one-dimensional QED for a system with spatial symmetry
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空间对称系统的一维 QED 有效性

DOI:
10.1103/physreva.92.052115
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发表时间:
2015-06
期刊:
影响因子:
2.9
通讯作者:
Grobe R.
Grobe R.
中科院分区:
物理与天体物理2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Lv Q. Z.;Christensen N. D.;Su Q.;Grobe R.

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我们考察了本质上的一维量子电动力学的精确度,以准确地预测具有高度对称性的三维系统的力和电荷,因此有效地仅依赖于单一坐标。作为算例,我们分析了沿两个坐标方向无限伸展的两块带电电容器板。利用对光子传播子的最低阶精细结构修正,计算了真空的感生电荷极化密度,结果表明带电板间的作用力增大。虽然一维理论不能考虑虚(力中介)光子的横向特性,但它在精细结构常数的最低阶上正确地预言了板与板之间的库仑力定律。然而,一维理论和三维理论对经典结果的量子修正略有不同,一维理论低估了真空产生的极化电荷密度。
We examine the accuracy of an intrinsically one-dimensional quantum electrodynamics to predict accurately the forces and charges of a three-dimensional system that has a high degree of symmetry and therefore depends effectively only on a single coordinate. As a test case we analyze two charged capacitor plates that are infinitely extended along two coordinate directions. Using the lowest-order fine structure correction to the photon propagator we compute the vacuum's induced charge polarization density and show that the force between the charged plates is increased. Although a one-dimensional theory cannot take the transverse character of the virtual (force-mediating) photons into account, nevertheless it predicts, in lowest order of the fine-structure constant, the Coulomb force law between the plates correctly. However, the quantum correction to the classical result is slightly different between the 1d and 3d theories with the polarization charge density induced from the vacuum underestimated by the 1d approach.
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