Optogenetic toolkit for precise control of calcium signaling.
Optogenetic toolkit for precise control of calcium signaling.
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用于精确控制钙信号传导的光遗传学工具包。
DOI：
10.1016/j.ceca.2017.01.004
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发表时间：
2017-06
期刊：
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Zhou Y
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ma G;Wen S;He L;Huang Y;Wang Y;Zhou Y
钙作为第二信使调节无数细胞功能，从短期肌肉收缩和细胞运动到基因表达和代谢的长期变化。为了研究Ca2+调节的“ON”和“OFF”反应在哺乳动物细胞中的影响，在各种实验条件下通常使用药理学工具和“笼”化合物。然而，由于缺乏可逆性和特异性，这些试剂用于Ca2+信号的精确控制受到阻碍。最近开发的光遗传学工具，特别是那些建立在工程Ca2+释放激活Ca2+ (CRAC)通道上的工具，由于其优越的时空分辨率和快速可逆性，为远程和非侵入性调节Ca2+信号提供了令人兴奋的机会。在这篇综述中，我们简要地总结了光遗传学工具（统称为“遗传编码Ca2+致动器”或geca）的最新进展，这些工具是为Ca2+信号的询问量身定制的，以及它们在远程神经调节和光遗传免疫调节中的应用。我们的目标是为选择合适的geca用于细胞内Ca2+信号的光学控制提供一般指导，同时，刺激进一步思考将非视蛋白为基础的光遗传学发展成为一种成熟的技术，用于体内Ca2+依赖性活性的研究。
Calcium acts as a second messenger to regulate a myriad of cell functions, ranging from short-term muscle contraction and cell motility to long-term changes in gene expression and metabolism. To study the impact of Ca2+-modulated ‘ON’ and ‘OFF’ reactions in mammalian cells, pharmacological tools and ‘caged’ compounds are commonly used under various experimental conditions. The use of these reagents for precise control of Ca2+ signals, nonetheless, is impeded by lack of reversibility and specificity. The recently developed optogenetic tools, particularly those built upon engineered Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ (CRAC) channels, provide exciting opportunities to remotely and non-invasively modulate Ca2+ signaling due to their superior spatiotemporal resolution and rapid reversibility. In this review, we briefly summarize the latest advances in the development of optogenetic tools (collectively termed as ‘genetically encoded Ca2+ actuators’, or GECAs) that are tailored for the interrogation of Ca2+ signaling, as well as their applications in remote neuromodulation and optogenetic immunomodulation. Our goal is to provide a general guide to choosing appropriate GECAs for optical control of Ca2+ signaling in cellulo, and in parallel, to stimulate further thoughts on evolving non-opsin-based optogenetics into a fully fledged technology for the study of Ca2+-dependent activities in vivo.