The formal and informal tools of design governance
The formal and informal tools of design governance
复制标题
DOI：
10.1080/13574809.2016.1234338
复制
发表时间：
2017-01-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Carmona, Matthew
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Carmona, Matthew
本文对“设计治理”的“工具”进行了类型学探索。报告首先探讨了侧重于各种文书、办法和行动的一般文献。工具政策制定者部署这些工具，以引导公共和私人行为者实现特定的政策成果。随后，工具的概念如何与设计治理的实践进行了研究：第一，包括三个“正式”的设计治理工具类别。引导、激励和控制。第二，通过借鉴英国前建筑与建筑环境委员会（CABE）的工作，介绍了五类“非正式”设计管理工具。证据、知识、促进、评价和援助。其结果，以及本文件的主要贡献，是一个新的和全面的（虽然不断发展），设计治理工具箱，从正式的非正式的工具，远远超出了大多数决策者承认或使用。
This paper takes a typological exploration of the 'tools' of 'design governance'. It begins by exploring the generic literature that focuses on the range of instruments, approaches and actions. the tools. that policy makers deploy in order to steer public and private actors towards particular policy outcomes. Subsequently, how the notion of tools relates to practices of design governance is examined: first, encompassing three 'formal' categories of design governance tools. guidance, incentive and control. and second, by drawing on the work of the former Commission for Architecture and the Built Environment (CABE) in England to introduce five categories of 'informal' design governance tools. evidence, knowledge, promotion, evaluation and assistance. The result, and the key contribution of this paper, is a new and comprehensive (albeit evolving), design governance toolbox that extends from formal to informal tools and far beyond that which most policy makers recognize or use.