A twin study of the genetic influences on the electroencephalogram.
A twin study of the genetic influences on the electroencephalogram.
复制标题
遗传对脑电图影响的双胞胎研究。
作者：
J. P. Young;M. Lader;G. Fenton
已经进行了许多尝试来将背景脑电(EEG)的个体差异与不同的精神疾病联系起来(格拉泽，1963；希尔，1963；威尔逊，1965)，最近用平均诱发反应波形(Shagass and Schwartz，1961、1962、1963和1965；Jones et al，1965；Callaway、Jones和Donchin，1970)和阿尔法衰减反应(Blum，1957；Wells and Wolf，1960；Davidoff and McDonald，1964；Milstein、Stevens和Sachdev，1969)和阿尔法衰减反应(Alpha Attension Response，Blum，1957；Wells and Wolf，1960；Davidoff and McDonald，1964；Milstein，Stevens和Sachdev，1969)进行了类似的研究。最后两个指标代表了刺激引起的脑电变化。自发脑电的主要特征表现为受试者之间有显著的可变性，但在同一个体内有一致性和长期稳定性的趋势(Hill，1963)。平均诱发反应波形(Dustman和Beck，1963和1965)和阿尔法衰减反应(Fenton和SCotton，1967；Milstein等人，1969)也有类似的特征。虽然有强有力的推定证据表明背景脑电的个体间差异受到遗传因素的影响，但遗传的确切作用仍不清楚(Clarke和Harding，1969)。以前还没有关于阿尔法衰减反应的遗传方面的系统研究，但遗传对平均诱发反应的个体差异的贡献是巨大的(Dustman和Beck，1965)。然而，这些发现仍未得到证实。本研究从配对、同卵和异卵双胞胎中获得标准化的脑电记录，并用自发脑电、α衰减和平均诱发反应进行测量。通过这种方式，自发性变异的遗传成分
Many attempts have been made to relate individual differences in the background electroencephalogram (EEG) to various psychiatric conditions (Glaser, 1963; Hill, 1963; Wilson, 1965) and equivalent investigations have recently been carried out with the averaged evoked response waveform (Shagass and Schwartz, 1961, 1962, 1963, and 1965; Jones et al, 1965; Callaway, Jones, and Donchin, 1970) and the alpha attenuation response (Blum, 1957; Wells and Wolf, 1960; Davidoff and McDonald, 1964; Milstein, Stevens, and Sachdev, 1969). The last two measures represent changes induced in the EEG by stimulation. The main features of the spontaneous EEG show marked between subject variability but a tendency towards consistency and long-term stability within the same individual (Hill, 1963). Similar characteristics have been described for the averaged evoked response waveform (Dustman and Beck, 1963 and 1965) and the alpha attenuation response (Fenton and Scotton, 1967; Milstein et al, 1969). While there is strong presumptive evidence that the interindividual differences in the background EEG are influenced by genetic factors, the exact role of heredity remains unknown (Clarke and Harding, 1969). There have been no previous systematic investigations of the genetic aspects of the alpha attenuation response, but the contribution of heredity to the individual variation in the averaged evoked response is claimed to be substantial (Dustman and Beck, 1965). These findings however remain unconfirmed. In the present study, standardized EEG recordings were obtained from 64 well matched, identical and fraternal twins and measures made of the spontaneous EEG and the alpha attenuation and the averaged evoked responses. By this means, the genetic component of variation of the spontaneous