Mobile Health for Smoking Cessation Among Disadvantaged Young Women During and After Pregnancy: User-Centered Design and Usability Study.
Mobile Health for Smoking Cessation Among Disadvantaged Young Women During and After Pregnancy: User-Centered Design and Usability Study.
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DOI：
10.2196/24112
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发表时间：
2021-08-04
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Fransen MP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Derksen ME;Jaspers MW;van Strijp S;Fransen MP
在社会经济处境不利的妇女中，怀孕期间和怀孕后吸烟的流行率仍然很高。带有游戏和社交支持元素的移动的健康（mHealth）应用程序似乎有希望支持戒烟。本研究旨在描述Kindle的以用户为中心的设计和可用性评估，Kindle是一款具有游戏和社会支持元素的移动健康应用程序，旨在通过戒烟的第一阶段支持怀孕期间和怀孕后的弱势年轻女性。根据国际标准化组织9241-11：2018，在Kindle的迭代原型开发过程中，disdispensed女性（n=9）、其社交网络成员（n=4）和支持这些女性的护士（n=51）是知情者。具体阶段包括通过定性访谈数据的二次分析了解使用背景（第1阶段），建立用户和组织要求（第2阶段），生产设计解决方案（第3阶段），通过启发式评价（3名专家）沿着用户测试（5名弱势妇女和5名护士;第4阶段）进行原型的可用性检查。可用性问题根据医疗保健信息和管理系统协会的原则进行分类。第1阶段的结果是了解了VoorZorg计划以及VoorZorg护士和客户的需求（例如，关注改变的早期阶段和建立新的支持网络以帮助客户戒烟）。在第2阶段，我们确定了要求（n=22;例如，mHealth应用程序，护士和客户之间的安全通信，易于使用的界面，包含游戏元素，以及在戒烟变化的早期阶段进行定制）。第三阶段产生了Kindle的原型，结合了护士和客户的界面，包括以下功能：个人目标设置与赚取积分;护士和其他客户之间的安全聊天功能;以及提示，日记和个人资料创建。第四阶段的启发式评估和有声思维方法揭示了78个界面可用性问题。大多数可用性问题涉及简单性（例如，可点击按钮不清晰）和自然性（例如，图标不清晰）。以用户为中心的设计和mHealth应用程序Kindle的可用性测试产生了有用的见解。最终用户的参与，特别是在怀孕期间和怀孕后处于社会经济地位的女性，产生了一个满足其需求和要求的原型（例如，mHealth应用程序，护士和客户之间的安全通信，易于使用的界面，包含游戏元素，以及针对戒烟变化的早期阶段进行定制），以实现戒烟的准备。此外，最终用户和专家的可用性评估揭示了这一人群特有的可用性问题。这些见解允许进一步优化Kindle，并鼓励未来的研究在移动健康干预设计和可用性测试的所有阶段吸引弱势群体。
Smoking prevalence during and after pregnancy remains high among socioeconomically disadvantaged women. Mobile health (mHealth) apps with game and social support elements seem promising to support smoking cessation. This study aims to describe the user-centered design and usability evaluation of Kindle, an mHealth app with game and social support elements, to support disadvantaged young women during and after pregnancy through the first stages of smoking cessation. Disadvantaged women (n=9), members of their social networks (n=4), and nurses supporting these women (n=51) were informants throughout the iterative prototype development of Kindle according to the International Organization for Standardization 9241-11:2018. Specific phases included understanding the context of use through secondary analysis of qualitative interview data (phase 1), establishing the user and organizational requirements (phase 2), production of design solutions (phase 3), and usability inspection of the prototype through a heuristic evaluation (3 experts) along with user testing by a think aloud method (5 disadvantaged women and 5 nurses; phase 4). Usability problems were categorized according to the principles of the Healthcare Information and Management Systems Society. Phase 1 resulted in an understanding of the VoorZorg program and the needs of VoorZorg nurses and clients (eg, focus on early stages of change and building new supportive networks to aid clients in smoking cessation). In phase 2, we established requirements (n=22; eg, mHealth app, secure communication between nurses and clients, easy-to-use interfaces, inclusion of game elements, and tailoring at early stages of change in smoking cessation). Phase 3 resulted in a prototype of Kindle, combining the interface for nurses and clients, including the following functionalities: personal goal setting with earning points; secured chat function between nurses and other clients; and tips, diary, and profile creation. The heuristic evaluation and thinking aloud method in phase 4 revealed 78 usability problems in the interfaces. Most usability problems concerned simplicity (eg, unclear clickable button) and naturalness (eg, unclear icon). The user-centered design and usability testing of the mHealth app Kindle yielded useful insights. The involvement of end users, specifically socioeconomically disadvantaged women during and after their pregnancy, resulted in a prototype that met their needs and requirements (eg, mHealth app, secure communication between nurses and clients, easy-to-use interfaces, inclusion of game elements, and tailoring to the early stages of change in smoking cessation) to achieve readiness for smoking cessation. Moreover, the usability evaluation by end users and experts revealed unique usability problems for this population. These insights allow for further optimization of Kindle and encourage future studies to engage disadvantaged populations in all phases of mHealth intervention design and usability testing.
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