Revising the BIS/BAS Scale to study development: Measurement invariance and normative effects of age and sex from childhood through adulthood.
Revising the BIS/BAS Scale to study development: Measurement invariance and normative effects of age and sex from childhood through adulthood.
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DOI：
10.1037/pas0000186
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发表时间：
2016-04
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Barch DM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pagliaccio D;Luking KR;Anokhin AP;Gotlib IH;Hayden EP;Olino TM;Peng CZ;Hajcak G;Barch DM
Carver和白色的行为抑制系统/行为激活系统（BIS/BAS）量表已成为研究个体奖惩敏感性差异的有用工具，但其因素结构和跨发展的不变性尚未得到很好的检验。在本研究中，我们检查了BIS/BAS量表在5个年龄组中的因素结构：6-10岁儿童（N=229），11-13岁早期青少年（N=311），14-16岁晚期青少年（N=353），18-22岁年轻人（N=844）和30-45岁成人（N=471）。鉴于文献中的标准四因素模型（BIS，奖励反应，驱动力，寻求乐趣）拟合不佳，我们对一半的参与者进行了探索性因素分析，并确定了各年龄组的问题项目。四因素模型显示，在我们的样本拟合差，而删除BAS乐趣寻求分量表和有问题的项目，从其余分量表改善与后半部分的参与者进行的验证性因素分析拟合。修订后的模型显示，严格的不变性，各年龄组和性别，表明一致的因素结构，项目负荷，阈值和独特/残差方差。此外，在我们的横截面数据中，我们观察到年龄和子量表得分之间的非线性关系，其中得分往往是在年轻的成年期高于童年和成年后期。此外，性别差异出现在整个发展;青少年和成年女性有较高的BIS分数比男性在这个年龄范围内，而在儿童期没有观察到性别差异。这些差异可能有助于我们理解青春期内在精神病理学的上升，特别是女性。未来的发展研究是必要的，以检查改写问题项目的影响。
Carver and White's Behavioral Inhibition System/Behavioral Activation System (BIS/BAS) Scale has been a useful tool for studying individual differences in reward/punishment sensitivity; however, its factor structure and invariance across development have not been well tested. In the current study, we examined the factor structure of the BIS/BAS Scale across five age groups: 6-10-year-old children (N=229), 11-13-year-old early adolescents (N=311), 14-16-year-old late adolescents (N=353), 18-22-year-old young adults (N=844), and 30-45-year-old adults (N=471). Given poor fit of the standard four-factor model (BIS, Reward Responsivity, Drive, Fun Seeking) in the literature, we conducted exploratory factor analyses in half of the participants and identified problematic items across age groups. The four-factor model showed poor fit in our sample whereas removing the BAS Fun Seeking subscale and problematic items from the remaining subscales improved fit in confirmatory factor analyses conducted with the second half of the participants. The revised model showed strict invariance across age groups and by sex, indicating consistent factor structure, item loadings, thresholds, and unique/residual variances. Additionally, in our cross-sectional data, we observed non-linear relations between age and subscale scores, where scores tended to be higher in young adulthood than childhood and later adulthood. Furthermore, sex differences emerged across development; adolescent and adult females had higher BIS scores than males in this age range, whereas sex differences were not observed in childhood. These differences may help us to understand the rise in internalizing psychopathology in adolescence, particularly in females. Future developmental studies are warranted to examine the impact of rewording problematic items.