Plant–insect interactions from the Late Oligocene of Spain (La Val fossil site, Estadilla, Huesca) and their palaeoclimatological implications

Plant–insect interactions from the Late Oligocene of Spain (La Val fossil site, Estadilla, Huesca) and their palaeoclimatological implications
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西班牙渐新世晚期植物与昆虫的相互作用(拉瓦尔化石遗址、埃斯塔迪利亚、韦斯卡)及其古气候学意义

DOI:
10.1016/j.palaeo.2021.110782
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发表时间:
2022
期刊:
Palaeoecology
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Wappler, Torsten
Wappler, Torsten
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Moreno-Domínguez, Rafael;Maccracken, S. Augusta;Santos, Artai A.;Wappler, Torsten

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植食性昆虫遗迹化石是古生态和古气候研究的重要工具,也是过去地质时期植物-昆虫相互作用的独特而直接的记录。在伊比利亚半岛,这类调查很少,而且纯粹是描述性的。拉瓦尔化石遗址是一个有趣的,新的巨型植物组合从晚渐新世的西班牙,其中包括许多植物-昆虫的相互作用及其古气候和古生态的影响。本次研究共分析了13个地层级别的1337个化石标本。我们确定了28种不同类型的植物-昆虫相互作用,属于7个功能摄食组(FFG)。洞取食是最常见的外食性害虫危害类型,其次是边缘取食、围食和表面取食。在内食FFG中,瘿是最丰富和最丰富的FFG。所有其他内饲FFG相对少见:穿刺/吸吮和不确定性(DT 114)。在地层水平,平均食草动物的频率显着更高的较低的水平相比,较高的水平。拉瓦尔提出了一个显着的下降,随着时间的推移,植物-昆虫相互作用的多样性,可能是由于温度或湿度水平的变化。在最年轻的水平上观察到磨损多样性的显着减少和相互作用的普遍减少。这可能与湿度增加,虽然时间在La瓦尔古森林,因为现代干旱环境有利于虫瘿的增殖。
Trace fossils of insect herbivory are an important tool, which provide evidence for palaeoecological and palaeoclimatic interpretations, as well as being a unique and direct record of the plant–insect interactions in the geologic past. In the Iberian Peninsula, these types of surveys have been scarce and purely descriptive. The La Val fossil site is an interesting, new megaflora assemblage from the Late Oligocene of Spain, which encompasses numerous plant–insect interactions and their palaeoclimatic and palaeoecological implications. A total of 1337 fossil specimens from 13 stratigraphic levels were analyzed for this study. We identified 28 different types of plant–insect interactions belonging to seven Functional Feeding Groups (FFGs). Hole feeding was the most common category of external-feeding insect damage, followed by margin feeding, skeletonization, and surface feeding. Among the internal-feeding FFGs, galling was the richest and most abundant FFG. All other internal-feeding FFGs were relatively uncommon: piercing/sucking, andincertae sedis(DT114). Among stratigraphic levels, the mean herbivory frequency was significantly greater at lower levels compared to the upper levels. La Val presents a marked drop in the diversity of plant–insect interactions through time, possibly due to changes in temperature or humidity levels. A marked decrease in galling diversity and a generalized decrease in interactions are observed at the youngest levels. This could be related to an increase in humidity though time in the La Val palaeoforest, since modern xeric environments favour the proliferation of galls.
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