Selective wetting and dispersion of filler in rubber composites under influence of processing and curing additives
Selective wetting and dispersion of filler in rubber composites under influence of processing and curing additives
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DOI：
10.1016/j.polymer.2014.02.002
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发表时间：
2014-03-24
期刊：
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Radusch, H. -J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Le, H. H.;Hamann, E.;Radusch, H. -J.
目前的工作在一些例子中使用润湿概念和在线测量电导等方法强调了常用加工和固化添加剂对二氧化硅和炭黑（CB）等填料的润湿和分散动力学的影响。添加剂和单官能硅烷在二氧化硅表面的吸附提高了丁腈橡胶（NBR）、天然橡胶（NR）和丁苯橡胶（SBR）复合材料中二氧化硅的润湿速度。在橡胶共混物中，例如 NBR/NR，填料表面被每种共混物组分润湿的程度很大程度上取决于添加剂/二氧化硅和硅烷/二氧化硅比率 r。基于橡胶组分和填料的表面张力数据的模型（Z 模型）用于预测热力学平衡状态下的选择性填料润湿。通过结合润湿概念的实验结果和 Z 模型的理论预测，可以表征混合过程中二氧化硅表面张力的变化。它定量地描述了二氧化硅表面上的硅烷醇基团因吸附的添加剂而失活。通过在线测量电导率的方法，以炭黑填充的丁苯橡胶化合物为例，证明了添加剂吸附对填料分散的影响。添加剂对低苯乙烯含量SBR 混合物中CB 分散性的影响比高苯乙烯含量SBR 混合物中的影响更为明显。 (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. 保留所有权利。
The present work highlighted the effect of commonly used processing and curing additives on the wetting and dispersion kinetics of filler like silica and carbon black (CB) in some examples using the methods like the wetting concept and online measured electrical conductance. The adsorption of additives and mono-functional silane on silica surface increases the wetting speed of silica in single compound of nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR), natural rubber (NR) and styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) compounds. In rubber blend, for instance NBR/NR, the extent of filler surface fraction wetted by each blend component is strongly dependent on the additive/silica and silane/silica ratio r. A model based on the surface tension data of rubber components and filler (Z-model) was used for prediction of the selective filler wetting at a thermodynamic equilibrium state. By combining the experimental results from the wetting concept and theoretical prediction from the Z-model the silica surface tension changed during mixing can be characterized. It quantitatively describes the deactivation of the silanol groups on the silica surface by adsorbed additives. The effect of adsorption of additives on filler dispersion was exemplarily demonstrated on CB filled SBR compounds by means of the method of online measured electrical conductance. The influence of additives on the CB dispersion in low styrene-content SBR mixtures is much more pronounced than that in high styrene-content SBR mixtures. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.