Measuring the incidence and reporting of violence against women and girls in liberia using the 'neighborhood method'.
Measuring the incidence and reporting of violence against women and girls in liberia using the 'neighborhood method'.
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DOI：
10.1186/1752-1505-7-20
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发表时间：
2013-09-23
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Ager, Alastair
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Stark, Lindsay;Warner, Ann;Ager, Alastair
背景技术背景：本文报道了使用“邻里方法”来衡量的性质和暴力侵害妇女和女孩在冲突后Liberia.METHODS的发生率：研究人口包括女性在蒙特塞拉多和宁巴县。研究参与者被随机选择采访使用多阶段整群抽样。在每个县抽取30组家庭。收集了被调查者家庭中所有年龄段的女性在过去18个月内发生的家庭暴力和强奸事件的信息，以及她四个最亲近的邻居的信息，以构成完整的样本。抽样家庭中，蒙特塞拉多有7 015名妇女（1 687名女孩，4 586名妇女，缺少742岁），宁巴有6 632名妇女（2 070名女孩，4 167名妇女，缺少95岁）。在过去18个月中，54.1%（置信区间53.1-55.1）和55.8%在蒙特塞拉多和宁巴，分别有54.8-56.8（CI）的女性表示遭受过非性的家庭虐待;百分之十九点四（CI 18.6-20.2）和26.0%（CI 25.1-26.9）分别在蒙特塞拉多和宁巴的妇女遭到婚外强奸;在蒙特塞拉多和宁巴，已婚或分居妇女中分别有72.3%（CI 70.7-73.9）和73.8%（CI 72.0-75.7）的人经历过婚内强奸。据报告，丈夫和男友是绝大多数暴力行为的实施者。据报道，在这两个县，陌生人占强奸犯的不到2%。事件最常向其他家庭成员或朋友和邻居披露，很少向警察、法院或社区领导人等正式当局披露。事件接近50倍更有可能被报告给警察，如果由陌生人而不是亲密partners.CONCLUSIONS：暴力侵害妇女和女孩是普遍的研究领域。方案拟订工作需要解决这样一个事实，即这种暴力行为主要发生在家庭中，大多数事件在直系亲属或社交圈之外没有报告。警方和医院的报告严重低估了这些已知的肇事者。访谈者之间的差异和差异，在报告中为自己和邻居的一些结果谨慎的精度和有效性的一些估计。然而，注意到邻里方法在估计流行率方面的潜在效用，其准确度适合受冲突影响和冲突后环境中的方案目的。
BACKGROUND: This paper reports on the use of a "neighborhood method" to measure the nature and incidence of violence against women and girls in post-conflict Liberia.METHODS: The study population comprised females in Montserrado and Nimba counties. Study participants were randomly selected for interviews using multi-stage cluster sampling. 30 clusters of households were sampled in each county. Information on incidents of domestic violence and rape within the preceding 18 months was collected with regard to females of all ages in the respondent's household, and those of her four closest neighbors to make up the full sample.FINDINGS: Households in the sample contained 7015 females (1687 girls, 4586 women, 742 age missing) in Montserrado and 6632 (2070 girls, 4167 women, 95 age missing) in Nimba. In the previous 18 months 54.1% (CI 53.1-55.1) and 55.8% (CI 54.8-56.8) of females in Montserrado and Nimba respectively were indicated to have experienced non-sexual domestic abuse; 19.4% (CI 18.6-20.2) and 26.0% (CI 25.1-26.9) of females in Montserrado and Nimba respectively to have been raped outside of marriage; and 72.3% (CI 70.7-73.9) and 73.8% (CI 72.0-75.7) of married or separated women in Montserrado and Nimba respectively to have experienced marital rape. Husbands and boyfriends were reported as the perpetrators of the vast majority of reported violence. Strangers were reported to account for less than 2% of the perpetrators of rape in either county. Incidents were most commonly disclosed to other family members or to friends and neighbors, and less often to formal authorities such as the police, court or community leaders. Incidents were approaching fifty times more likely to be reported to police if perpetrated by strangers rather than intimate partners.CONCLUSIONS: Violence against women and girls is widespread in the areas studied. Programming needs to address the fact that this violence is primarily occurring in the household, where most incidents go unreported outside the immediate family or social circle. Police and hospital reports severely under-represent these known perpetrators. Inter-interviewer variance and differences in reports for self and neighbors for some outcomes caution the precision and validity of some estimates. However, the potential utility of the neighborhood method for estimating prevalence rates with an accuracy suitable for programmatic purposes in conflict-affected and post-conflict settings is noted.