Extracellular Vesicles and Glycosylation
Extracellular Vesicles and Glycosylation
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DOI：
10.1007/978-3-030-70115-4_6
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发表时间：
2021-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Taniguchi, Naoyuki
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Harada, Yoichiro;Ohkawa, Yuki;Taniguchi, Naoyuki
细胞外囊泡（EV）是从细胞释放的任何囊泡或颗粒的通用术语，在调节许多生物和病理事件中起重要作用，包括发育、分化、衰老、血栓形成、免疫应答、神经退行性疾病和肿瘤进展。在EV的生物发生期间，它们包封生物活性大分子（即，核苷酸和蛋白质）并传输信号以将它们递送到位于一定距离处的邻近细胞或细胞。相反，EV表面上存在受体分子，其功能是介导EV与细胞和EV与基质的相互作用。越来越多的证据表明，EV表面被聚糖严重修饰，其功能是调节EV的生物合成和细胞外行为。在这一章中，我们介绍了我们的知识，EV糖基化的现状，并讨论它如何影响EV生物学，突出EV聚糖在临床应用中的潜在作用。
Extracellular vesicles (EVs), a generic term for any vesicles or particles that are released from cells, play an important role in modulating numerous biological and pathological events, including development, differentiation, aging, thrombus formation, immune responses, neurodegenerative diseases, and tumor progression. During the biogenesis of EVs, they encapsulate biologically active macromolecules (i.e., nucleotides and proteins) and transmit signals for delivering them to neighboring or cells that are located some distance away. In contrast, there are receptor molecules on the surface of EVs that function to mediate EV-to-cell and EV-to-matrix interactions. A growing body of evidence indicates that the EV surface is heavily modified with glycans, the function of which is to regulate the biogenesis and extracellular behaviors of EVs. In this chapter, we introduce the current status of our knowledge concerning EV glycosylation and discuss how it influences EV biology, highlighting the potential roles of EV glycans in clinical applications.